Fiche : [REVUE635]

Titre : EPE Journal, European Power Electronics and Drives, Volume 15, N° 4, 2005.

Cité dans : [DIV322]  Les revues EPE Journal et EPE Newsletter, février 2011.

EPE Journal Volume 15-4 - Editorial
EPE 2005, Dresden, Germany: where university meets industry [Details]
By B. Sneyers
The editorial of EPE Journal volume 15-4, October - December 2005

EPE Journal Volume 15-4 - Papers
Influence of repetitions of short-circuit conditions on IGBT lifetime
[Details]
By F. Saint-Eve, S. Lefebvre, Z. Khatir
The paper deals with the behaviour of PT and NPT IGBTs under repetitive
short-circuit operations. The repetition of these severe working
conditions is responsible for one mode of devices ageing and results
unavoidably in the components failures. A long term campaign of
experimental tests was made in order to determine the number of
short-circuit operations these devices can support before failure for
different dissipated energies during the short-circuit tests. The results
show the very good ability of these devices to work in short-circuit
operations when the dissipated energy is lower than a particular critical
energy. Depending on the dissipated energy level, different failures modes
can appear, in both PT and NPT transistors. In addition, a 1-D numerical
simulation was realised in order to estimate the internal temperature in
the silicon chip when the failure occurs.

Challenges in Using the Latest Generation of IGBTs in Traction Converters
[Details]
By M. M. Bakran, H.-G. Eckel, M. Helsper, A. Nagel
The voltage class 6.5kV was the last step to now cover completely the
whole range of voltages for traction starting with 1.7kV and 3.3kV. This
lead to the general introduction of the IGBT across the whole power range
of traction. In first IGBT generations the Non Punch Through design
dominated here. The latest generation of IGBTs feature characteristics
like field-stop design or trench design. Thus high cosmic ray withstand
capability can be combined with low VCesat. For the high-power
high-voltage application as used in traction, the introduction of the
field stop leads to a significant change in the switching behavior
compared to the conventional NPT-design. It will be shown how the IGBT and
diode turn-off characteristics change and how sensitive it is to parasitic
circuit characteristics. Especially in high-power circuits with relatively
large stray inductances, this is a device and application challenge.
Further more it will be shown that the IGBT overvoltage during turn-off
transients can be controlled only by using a highly dynamic gate driver.
Since no active control of the diode turn-off is possible, the
peak-voltage must be limited by appropriate circuit and device design. For
new generations of IGBT and diode, this behavior should be considered
carefully by the semiconductor development.

A Non-Dissipative Reflex Charging Circuit [Details]
By Y. C. Hsieh, C. S. Moo, C. K. Wu, J. C. Cheng
A novel circuit is proposed to implement Reflex charging for rechargeable
batteries. The required asymmetrical bilateral pulses for Reflex charging
are generated controlling the only one active power switch with
pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control. The pulse width of the charging
current is regulated simply by controlling the duty ratio of the active
power switch, while the amplitude and duration of the negative impulse can
be determined by the designed circuit parameters. Experimental tests are
carried out to verify the theoretical analyses.

Transient and Steady States Thermal Analysis and Simulation of
Asynchronous Machine at No-Load Condition [Details]
By O. I.Okoro, B. Weidemann
In this paper the thermal analysis and simulation of a squirrel-cage
Asynchronous machine are presented. The algebraic and differential system
of equations governing the steady and transient states thermal behaviour
of the machine respectively are first represented in state variable form
with temperature rise as state vectors and thereafter solved numerically
with the help of commercially available software package, MATLAB©. It is
observed that the computed average temperatures of the machine parts at
no-load compare satisfactorily well with the experimental results.

Suppressing Low Frequency Resonance Oscillations of a Two-Mass System by
Active Damping [Details]
By D. Alders, R. Kennel, J. O. Krah, J. Quan
Mechanical couplings between electrical motors and mechanical loads or
processes usually provide rather low stiffnesses. This situation often
results in resonance problems due to the interdependencies between the
inertias of motors and loads coupled by elastic couplings. This paper
describes the possibility of suppressing low frequency resonance
oscillations by an active method instead of mechanical damping equipment.
A special filter is integrated into the drive control loop. This paper
shows the optimisation of the filter parameters to obtain good damping of
the mechanical system.

Behavior of Synchronous Machines Subjected to Voltage Sags of Type A, B
and E [Details]
By F. Carlsson, C. Sadarangani
Voltage sags and voltage interruptions are huge power quality problems for
many industries. Voltage sags cause apart from eventual tripping, large
torque peaks, which may cause damage to the shaft or equipment connected
to the shaft. This paper illustrates how the stator flux in a synchronous
machine changes during voltage sags. These changes result in torque peaks.
An analytical time dependent expression of the stator flux during voltage
sags explains the behaviour of synchronous machines and why there are high
torque and current peaks during voltage sags. Simulations verify the
expressions, and illustrate the dependence of torque and current peaks on
voltage sag duration and magnitude.

Basic Operation Principles and Electrical Conversion Systems of Wind
Turbines [Details]
By H. Polinder, S.W.H. de Haan, M. R. Dubois, J. G. Slootweg
This paper gives an overview of electrical conversion systems for wind
turbines. First, the basics of wind energy conversion with wind turbines
are reviewed and requirements with respect to the electric system are
considered. Next, the three classical conversion systems are described
with their strengths and weaknesses: constant speed, variable speed with
doubly-fed induction generator and variable speed with direct-drive
generator. The applied power electronic converters are shortly addressed.
Finally, alternative generator systems and trends are discussed. There is
a clear trend towards variable speed systems. Doubly-fed induction
generator systems are increasingly equipped with grid fault ride through
capabilities. For direct-drive turbines, the radial flux permanent-magnet
synchronous generator is cheaper and more efficient than the electrically
excited synchronous generator. It is expected that the voltage level of
generators will increase up to values in the order of 5 kV.

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