EPE Journal, "European Power Electronics and Drives", Volume 14, N° 1, 2004.
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Titre : EPE Journal, European Power Electronics and Drives, Volume 14, N° 1, 2004.
Cité dans : [DIV322] Les revues EPE Journal et EPE Newsletter, février 2011.
Volume : 14
Numero : 1
Date : 2004
Site_web : http://www.epe-association.org/epe/main.htm
Stockage :
Vers : Editorial
Vers : New Perspectives for Electrical Motors in Adjustable Speed Drives
Vers : Electric Motors for Light Traction
Vers : Electric Motors for Home Applications - Development of Environment-Friendly Electric Motors
Vers : Electric Motors for Automotive Applications
Vers : Soft Magnetic Composite Materials Applied to Electric Motors
Vers : Linear Electromagnetic Actuators and Their Control: a Review
By D. Ban; S. Bolognani; I. Nagy
The Editorial of the EPE Journal Volume 14 N°1, written by Prof. D. Ban,
Prof. S. Bolognani and Prof. I. Nagy.
By S. Bolognani; N. Bianchi; M. Zigliotto
In the area of electric drives, electrical motors are arousing a renewed
interest, due to the trend of using applicationoriented motors, instead of
general-purpose ones, in both civil and industrial applications. According
to this trend, new motors are designed and studied to comply with new
requirements. Innovative design procedures, new materials and refined
manufacturing technology are experienced, encouraging the investigation of
new application fields. This paper is mainly devoted to the description of
the state-of-the-art and the trends in electrical motors for drives. At
first, a review of their market is discussed. Then, the paper presents
some innovative aspects of motors technology. At last, new interesting
fields of application are proposed.
By J. F. Gieras, N. Bianchi
Modern electric motors for road electric vehicles (automobiles, scooters,
bicycles), light rail transit (street cars, trolley lines, subway trains),
guided transit systems and elevators have been discussed. The paper aims
at various types of rotary brushless motors, direct electromechanical
drives and practical solutions to light traction systems. Modern permanent
magnet (PM) motor technologies offer diversity of cutting-edge technology
brushless motors, i.e., motors with one slot coil pitch windings,
transverse flux motors, coreless disc type motors and PM assisted
synchronous reluctance motors. There is a wide interest in liquid cooled
traction motors and inverters as those apparatus minimize the volume of
electromechanical drive systems and increase their power density.
Frequently, the traction motor for road vehicles is integrated with a
solid state converter. Light traction with linear motors has not been
considered. Although induction motors are the most popular motors, PM
brushless motors are more efficient, more compact, have better
steady-state and dynamic performance at low speeds and are excellent
motors for direct drive traction application.
By S. Morimoto; Y. Takeda; H. Murakami
This paper describes the recent technology and the trends of motors for
home applications. The features such as high-efficiency, low-noise, small
size and low-cost are demanded for the motors of home applications. The
permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has come to be used as a motor
to satisfy such demands in Japan. This paper mainly describes the
technology of PMSM design for the compressor drive application such as an
air conditioner. The effects of rotor configurations including the
arrangement of permanent magnets on the efficiency performance are
examined and the stator configurations such as the distributed winding and
the concentrated winding are also discussed. The effects of the ratio of
magnet torque and reluctance torque on both efficiency and cost are also
discussed. Several motors used for the actual electric home appliances
such as air conditioner, refrigerator and washer are introduced.
By T. Sebastian; S. Mir; M. Islam
The use of electric motors in automobiles has been steadily increasing
since the mid 1900’s. The application of speed or torque controlled motors
in automobiles is fueled by the need for improved fuel economy, and the
demand for vehicles with more comfort and convenience. Though the advances
in power and control electronics and the developments in highenergy
magnets have enhanced the cost effectiveness of such systems, many more
advances will be required before large scale use of such machines in
automobiles is achieved. This paper discusses the trends and challenges in
introducing these motors into automotive applications. The paper also
discusses the potential motor technologies and the key developments that
are needed for these motors to be acceptable for automotive applications.
By P. Jansson
The advent of soft magnetic composites (SMC) opens the arena for
innovative electrical machine designs with three dimensional flux paths
for mass production. The key to commercial success lies in interactive
multi-disciplinary co-operation with parallel development activities. The
SMC materials are based on iron powder particles with surface insulation
for low eddy current loss. Insulated particles, such as those used for
dust cores have existed for many years, however these low density products
with permeability values of 150 to 200 and low saturation induction are
better suited to high frequency applications. The thin inorganic
insulation of the SMC materials allows heat treatment at 500°C, which
results in a partial stress relief and permeabilities of 500 and above.
High flux density requires high component density, which is achieved with
high compressibility powders. The compressibility of the powder is
dependent on the surface coating, which must be minimized. The SMC
materials are suitable for large scale mass production of complex
components with good tolerances, smooth surfaces, no secondary operations
and no material waste. Electrical machines with two dimensional flux paths
benefit from the use of laminated electrical steel as the anisotropic
properties are put to advantage. Machines such as claw pole motors,
transverse flux machines etc. have not achieved widespread industrial use,
as these require a material with isotropic properties suitable for mass
production. However SMC material data alone is insufficient as the sole
aspect for design focus. A new design should incorporate all aspects of
the new motor including windings, permanent magnets, reduction in the
number of parts and simplification of assembly. It is first when all the
advantages of concurrent engineering are applied that full commercial
success can be achieved.
By I. Boldea
Linear electromagnetic actuators develop directly thrust and thus linear
motion. In principle rotary motion electromagnetic motors may be turned
into their linear counterparts by cutting them axially and spreading them
in a plane. Rotary electromagnetic motors are predominant in industry but
linear electromagnetic motors (actuators) are increasingly getting ground
for linear industrial motion control. Typical applications are related to
people movers (Fig. 1) whose acceleration and deceleration rates are freed
from adherence and thus have lower deadweight per passenger; also they are
almost maintenance free and easy to control them from on ground station;
lower kWh per passenger and kilometer is obtained due to also full
regenerative braking. Recent applications are related to industrial linear
motion control with or without integrated magnetic suspension. While they
are as many types of linear electromagnetic actuators as rotary ones,
their control is also similar. So vector control and DTC is used for AC
progressive motion linear electromagnetic actuators. Flux control may be
used for suspension control. Fast action solenoids with or without PMs are
proposed for valves actuation in internal combustion motors while
conventional solenoids represent a mature and dynamic technology. Finally,
oscillatory linear motion is used in linear generators and motors. Linear
generators are driven by Stirling engines for space or home electricity
generation and linear oscillomotors are proposed for small compressor
drives. The paper reviews the principles, performance characteristics,
design, control and recent applications of linear electric actuators.
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