Abstracts
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Dialogue Session 3

DS3.1: Topic 3: Power supplies
(J. L. Van Eck, ULB, Belgium, A. Berthon, L2ES-CREEBEL, France)

 

Improved High-Power-Factor Three-Phase Diode Rectifiers Using Ripple-Power Re-Rectification

Tiiu Sakkos, Vello Sarv, and Jaan Jنrvik
TALLINN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Kopli 82
EE10412 Tallinn, Estonia
Tel.: +372 6 703 607
Fax: +372 6 613 655
e-mail: eeri@eeri.ee

 
Efficient two-stage power factor correctors for three-phase diode rectifiers to ensure a close-to-unity power factor are proposed, analyzed, and verified. The technique proposed is based on the ripple-power re-rectification into an additional quantity of the DC output power. The new schemes contain a series-resonant third-harmonic filter and a low-power auxiliary AC-DC converter for optimum ripple-power re-rectification. An advantage of the new schemes is elimination of the magnetic third-harmonic current injection device used in the previous schemes. The high values of the power factor hold in the wide range of the load and supply-voltage variation.


Development of a Novel Power Apparatus to Make up for Voltage Dips and Interruptions Based on Quick Reversible Operation of a PWM Converter

 

OHSHIMA Masaaki
Tokyo Electric Power Co.,Inc.
 4-1 Egasaki Tsurumi-ku
Yokohama Japan
Phone: +81-45-613-3192
Fax: +81-45-613-3219
Email: m-ohsima@ieee.org

YAMAMOTO Yuushin
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
1-1-2 Wadasaki Hyougo-ku
Kobe Japan
+81-78-682-6057
+81-78-682-6238
yuushin@pic.melco.co.jp

 NAKAMURA Fuminori
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-honmachi
Amagasaki Japan
+81-6-6497-7655
+81-6-6497-7726
nakamura@con.sdl.melco.co.jp

TAMAI Shinzo
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-honmach
Amagasaki Japan
+81-6-6497-7655
+81-6-6497-7726
tamai@con.sdl.melco.co.jp

YAMAMOTO Yuushin
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
1-1-2 Wadasaki Hyougo-ku

Kobe Japan
+81-78-682-6057
+81-78-682-6238
yuushin@pic.melco.co.jp


MORI Haruyoshi
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
1-1-2 Wadasaki Hyougo-ku
Kobe Japan
+81-78-682-6211
+81-78-682-6238

hmori@pic.melco.co.jp


Along with wide and deep penetration of electronics application into our modern society voltage dips and momentary interruptions mainly due to lightning and snow damage on overhead transmission lines has become to disturb normal operation of loads.  UPS, which is mostly employed to protect sensitive loads from them, has such limitations that it dissipates not less energy in running operation because currents flow through two converters in series, that it is poor to feed electric motors which occupy main loads in industrial plants and that it costs high to be applied in common.  UPS can be regarded not as omnipotent against voltage dips and short interruptions.
We have developed a novel power apparatus termed QBS (Quick Backup System) to supplement above drawbacks in UPS, employing one reversible ac/dc converter and one high-speed switch.  Normally QBS supplies power directly from a commercial network to critical loads while the reversible converter interconnects with it to charge the battery.  When the critical bus voltage deviates from the tolerance range QBS disconnects the high-speed switch and continues to feed the critical loads in UPS mode.  The whole power transition is completed within 2ms.  QBS has already been put to practical use in telecommunication center and electronics manufacturer of Japan.  This paper presents constitutional technologies developed to realize QBS and obtained experimental data in the field demonstration test of a 100kVA QBS.


A Novel Topology to Reduce the Power Losses in Synchronous Rectifiers


*Tobias Reimann  **Wang Huamin  * Jürgen  Petzoldt  **Chen Zhiming  ***Marko Scherf
* Ilmenau Technical University, Dept. of  Power  Electronics and Control, Germany
** Xi’an University of Technology,  P.R. China

*** ISLE GmbH, Ilmenau, Germany

Contact Address: Ilmenau Technical University, Dept. of Power Electronics and Control
POBOX 100565, D-98684 Ilmenau, Germany
Phone: ++49 3677 692850, Fax: ++49 3677 691469,
e-mail: tobias.reimann@e-technik.tu-ilmenau.de
 
 
The paper investigates the power losses and temperature performance of MOSFET devices in a low voltage synchronous rectifier circuit. Different devices are applied to compare their characteristics and several auxiliary circuits are proposed to improve the efficiency of the power converter. The novel topologies are discussed using PSPICE simulations and experimental results. It is shown that adding an auxiliary circuit in synchronous rectifiers using MOSFETs as main devices is an effective method to reduce the power losses. So, the power MOSFETs can operate with reduced heat sink under high current condition


Single phase Hybrid Power Factor Correction

W. Ettes, A. Bron
Philips DAP BV
Oliemolenstraat 5, 9200 CA
Drachten, the Netherlands
Tel.: +31 512 592206
W.Ettes@Philips.com
Andries.Bron@Philips.com

To reduce the amplitude of the higher harmonics of the line current, rectifiers with both active and passive filters are widely used. These so called Power Factor Corrector's (PFC's) can be grouped into three kinds: active PFC, passive PFC and hybrid PFC. The active PFC’s draw a ‘perfect’ line current from the mains but due to the HF switching process additional noise and losses are introduced. Passive PFC’s are very simple to apply but they are bulky and stabilisation of the DC output voltage is absent. Although the line current is distorted with higher harmonics, the passive PFC complies with the IEC-61000-3-2 guideline if the filter inductor value is properly designed. A further reduction of the size and weight of the filter inductor of the passive PFC is possible if the hybrid PFC method is applied. The hybrid PFC exists of a parallel connection of a passive and an active PFC. In this paper the design of a 1 kW hybrid PFC is described which complies with the IEC-61000-3-2 guideline. The main objective of the hybrid PFC design is to reduce the size and cost of a passive PFC, without adding complexity too much.


Control strategy for reducing inrush current in three-phase UPS systems
 
Shoji Nishikata, Shohei Kuroda, and Teruo Kataoka
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tokyo Denki University
2-2 Kanda-Nishikicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8457 Japan
Phone:+81-3-5280-3313
Fax:+81-3-5280-3573
E-mail:west@cck.dendai.ac.jp
 
Control strategy for reducing inrush current when a load of capacitor-filtered rectifier is connected to a three-phase UPS system is proposed. Inrush current can be greatly reduced when digital control with inrush current suppression loop in addition to observer, voltage drop compensator and PID controller is applied to the system. Transient responses of UPS output voltage and load current when the load is connected are shown, and the usefulness of the proposed control is verified with simulations and experiments.


Improvements in Voltage Regulation and Current Sharing with the Droop Function

Enrico Dallago, Marco Passoni
Power Electronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering,
UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA
 Via Ferrata -1, 27100
Pavia, Italy.
Phone : +39.0382505267 Fax : +39.0382422276
e-mail : dallago@unipv.it
            passoni@unipv.it
 http://ipvsp5.unipv.it/elpot.html

 
In this work voltage regulation with the droop function for low-voltage (LV), high-current (HC) applications is analyzed. A new dynamic analysis of the droop function gives a simple criterion for its sizing and a useful expression of the output impedance. The results are also applied to a two-phase converter with droop current sharing to evaluate both static and dynamic performance. Experimental results confirm theoretical predictions.


Modelling of the Asymmetrical Half-Bridge ZVT PWM Converter
 
Tobias Tolle
Philips Research Laboratories
P.O.Box 500 145, 52085 Aachen, Germany
Tel.: xx49 241 6003-706, Fax –465
E-mail: tobias.tolle@philips.com

Thomas Duerbaum
Philips Research Laboratories
P.O.Box 500 145, 52085 Aachen, Germany
Tel.: xx49 241 6003-258, Fax: -465
E-mail: thomas.duerbaum@philips.com


The BR-TRC2 converter is a member of the family of Asymmetrical Half-Bridge topologies with several advantages, as zero voltage transition (ZVT), one diode per output, limited voltage stress of the switching transistors, utilisation of the transformers leakage inductance, and PWM fixed frequency control. This article presents an introduction to this topology, giving a description and two mathematical models that include losses of the components in practical applications


Novel evaluation of transient performance in a DC-AC flyback converter


Enrico Dallago, Alberto Danioni, Marco Passoni
Power Electronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering,
UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA
Via Ferrata -1, 27100
Pavia, Italy.
Phone : +39.0382505267 Fax : +39.0382422276
e-mail :dallago@unipv.it
             alberto.danioni@unipv.it
             passoni@unipv.it
http://ipvsp5.unipv.it/elpot.html

In this paper a CCM (Continuous Conduction Mode) Flyback Converter with PWM technique is considered and the performance of the dynamic load regulation investigated. A novel cycle-by-cycle modelization has been developed. This model overcomes the limits of the averaged small signal model when large duty cycle variations during the load transient are considered. .Theoretical results were confirmed by experimental ones.


A New Piezoelectric Transformer Control for an AC/DC Converter

F.Nuño, J.Díaz, J.A.Martín, M.J.Prieto
UNIVERSIDAD DE OVIEDO
Campus Universitario de Viesques, Edificio Oeste, 3
Gijón, Spain
Phone: +34 985 18 20 71
Fax: +34 985 18 21 38
fernando@ate.uniovi.es
http://www.ate.uniovi.es/

 
During the last years, a clear trend to miniaturise AC/DC adapters for portable terminals has been detected world-wide. This could be possible by replacing the classical transformer, built with commercial magnetic cores that not only limit the miniaturisation of the converter but are also EMI sources, by an alternative piezoelectric transformer, which features low profile, high power density (several times higher than high frequency magnetic ones) and low EMI generation.
Due to the PT behavior, very frequency-dependent, previous works presented frequency modulation to control the output voltage like the most natural way. Also PWM control techniques can be employed in combination with the frequency control to achieve both line and load regulation. In this paper, a new control strategy is introduced that can be used with PT-based converters. It can simplify the control design process and only a few components are necessary. The switches in the power stage are so operated that a constant-frequency, constant duty-cycle voltage waveform is applied to the input of the PT. The response of the component to this waveform originates an output voltage that builds up to a maximum allowable value. When this value is reached, the control circuit detects this situation and stops driving the switches. The PT input is zero and the output voltage is pulled down until a minimum allowable value is reached. At this point the control circuit activates the switches again and the cycle starts anew. This hysteretic control is well-known and employed in low standby-power SMPS but never for a PT control. The main features of this control are presented in the paper.
In any case, Piezoelectric Transformers are not yet usual devices in power electronics converters, only a few companies develop this kind of elements and several limitations have been detected along this work.


Single Stage Resonant PFC Rectifier Based on LCT Integrated Device

K. Laouamri, J.-P. Ferrieux, J. C. Crebier
Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique de Grenoble
INPG/UJF UMR-CNRS 5529
ENSIEG, B. P. 46, 38402 Saint-Martin-d'Hères Cedex France
Phone: (33) 4 76 82 64 77  Fax: (33) 4 76 82 63 00
E-mail: Khaled.Laouamri@leg.ensieg.inpg.fr

 
In the literature, several AC/DC converters are studied and presented. All kinds of topologies and techniques are covered under this topic. This includes single-switch, half-bridge and full bridge topologies as well as hard, quasi-resonant and resonant switching. Different techniques are also developed to control these converters ensuring high power factor. The aim of this paper is to present a low-cost solution for low-power applications. A high frequency AC to DC converter that respects the EN 6100-3-2 standard and suitable for applications in the power range of 300 W, is presented. Its topology is based on full-bridge series-resonant converter that operates below the half of resonant frequency. The converter features zero-current for both turn-on and turn-off and reduces switching-current for the output rectifier. These advantages make the series-resonant topology suitable for operation at high frequency. Thus, electromagnetic integration of the LCT network (Inductor-Capacitor-Transformer) will be successfully applied owing to the fact that the values of the inductor and capacitor are relatively small at this range of frequency. Computer simulation and experimental results are presented.


Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost High-Frequency Power Supply Family for Ozone Generation

J. Marcos Alonso, María Valdés, Antonio J. Calleja, Javier Ribas
Universidad de Oviedo, DIEECS - Electrónica
Campus Viesques, Edificio 3
33204 - Gijón, Spain
Phone: +34 985 182087
FAX: + 34 985 182138
E-mail: marcos@ate.uniovi.es
http:// www.ate.uniovi.es

Julio Losada
ETRONECOLOGY
Plaza Primo de Rivera, 1
33001 Oviedo, Spain
Phone: +34 985 132903 FAX: +34 985 336743
E-mail: etron@netcom.es
http:// www.netcom.es/etron

A low-cost high-frequency power supply family for ozone generation is presented in this paper. Firstly, the results obtained from the ozone reactor tested at high frequency are presented, and a new model for its high frequency behavior is proposed. Secondly, the basic power supply stage is presented and analyzed, obtaining some important characteristics that allow the correct design of this power converter. Around the proposed converter several models of power supplies able to drive the ozone reactor from different ac and dc input voltages have been developed. Simulation and experimental results are also provided to evaluate the possibilities of the proposed converter.


By-Pass Thyristor Based Method for Minimizing the Reactive Power Consumption in Single-Phase Controlled Converter

A. A. Aboul-Naga, A. R. Amin, M. M. Atout
Mansoura University
Electrical Engineering Dept. Faculty of Engineering
 Mansoura 35516, Egypt
Phone: (2050)-244403 / Fax: (2050)- 244690
E-mail: aboulnaga@mail.com
http://www.geocities.com/aaboulnaga/aly.html
Prof. Dr. A. R. Amin, Electrical Eng. Dept., Mansoura University, Egypt
Prof. Dr. M. M. Atout, Electrical Eng. Dept., Helwan University, Egypt
 
As a method for improving the input power factor of an AC-DC converter, a novel by-pass thyristor technique is proposed. Its commutation mechanism is described. The experimental and theoretical results are given which show a good input power factor, a good waveform of line current and a wide adjustable range of DC output voltage.


A New Power-Factor-Correction Controller for the Current-Source Parallel Resonant Rectifier based on the Quasi-Steady-State Approach

Miguel Castilla, Luis García de Vicuña, and Oscar López
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA
Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica
Avda. Víctor Balaguer s/n, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain
Phone: 34 93 896.77.63
Fax: 34 93 896.77.00
mcastilla@eel.upc.es, vicuna@eel.upc.es
 
This paper presents a simple control architecture for the high-power-factor current-source parallel resonant rectifier, based on the quasi-steady-state approach. In relation to traditional multiplier approach, the proposed controller substitutes the multiplier circuit and the input-voltage sensor by a multiplexer and low-pass filter, simplifying the control circuitry. Moreover, the comparison of the line-current distortion of these controllers shows similar performance.


A BIBRED with improved output voltage

Vesa Tuomainen
Helsinki University of Technology
Institute of Intelligent Power Electronics
P.O. Box 3000, 02015-HUT
Helsinki, FINLAND
+358 09 451 5355 / +358 9 451 2432
vesa.tuomainen@hut.fi

Jorma Kyyrä
Helsinki University of Technology
Institute of Intelligent Power Electronics
P.O. Box 3000, 02015-HUT
Helsinki, FINLAND
+358 09 451 2436 / +358 9 451 2432
jorma.kyyra@hut.fi

BIBRED is a well-known Single-Stage AC/DC converter. It is able to produce an input current with low harmonic content and a regulated and isolated output voltage with only one switching stage. Input stage is kept in discontinuous conduction mode and the duty ratio is kept essentially constant during a line cycle in order to get a sinusoidal input current. This leads however to a harmful voltage ripple on the output voltage at double line frequency and in the worst case a low frequency oscillation between the output side capacitors of BIBRED. The origin of the problem and the operation principles of the converter are presented and discussed in the paper. A simple way to avoid the ripple on the output voltage and to damp the oscillation without actively controlling the circuit is presented in the paper. It is shown that a diode in series with the output inductor attenuates the ripple at the output and confines the ripple to the auxiliary capacitor at the secondary side of BIBRED. Simulated and measured results are shown in the paper.


High-Power-Factor Isolated Resonant Rectifier Topology Using Quantum Control

Miguel Castilla, Luis García de Vicuña, Josep Maria Guerrero, and Oscar López
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE CATALUÑA
Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica
Avda. Víctor Balaguer s/n, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain
Phone: 34 93 896.77.63
Fax: 34 93 896.77.00
mcastilla@eel.upc.es, vicuna@eel.upc.es, oscar@eel.upc.es

This paper presents a new third-order isolated series-loaded resonant circuit using quantum control which operates as a high-power-factor rectifier. In relation to conventional load-resonant converters, the proposed topology show the next interesting features: low-input current distortion, step-down and step-up operation, ZCS conditions, and peak current in power devices proportional to load current.


Design and Analysis of Output Filter for UPS Inverter

 

Jaesik Kim*,  Jaeho Choi*, Frede Blaabjerg**
* CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
48 Gaesindong, Cheongju, S. KOREA
Tel: +82 43 261 2425, Fax: +82 43 276 7217

choi@power.chungbuk.ac.kr

** AALBORG UNIVERSITY
Pontoppicanstraede 101, Aalborg East, Denmark
Tel: +45 9635 9254, Fax: +45 9815 1411
fbl@iet.auc.dk

This paper proposes a design method of the L-C output filter for UPS inverter. There are two kinds of harmonic sources that make the UPS output voltage waveform be distorted: One is caused by the PWM switching of inverter but most of it can be eliminated by inserting the L-C filter in the output side of inverter. The other is caused by the nonlinear characteristics of the load current. If the output impedance of the UPS inverter is almost zero, then the output voltage waveform may be independent on the nonlinear load current characteristics. But the configuration of the power circuit with L-C filter cannot meet the zero-output impedance at all. The feedback controller complements the harmonic distortion due to the nonlinear load current. But the design value of L-C filter and the system performance of the controller are coupled each other and it is difficult to design the L-C filter considering the system performance of the controller in the conventional method. In this paper, the harmonic components caused by two different sources are analyzed separately based on the transfer function described as the closed form. The filter value can be calculated with the given value of system time constant determined by the switching frequency, the speed of control processor, and the controller gain. A design procedure is described by a single flow chart and explained step by step. The validity of the proposed filter design algorithm is verified through the simulation and experiments


High Power Factor Electronic Ballast for Tubular Fluorescent Lamp

Helder C. Silva; João A. Corrêa Pinto*; Ernane A. A. Coelho; Barreto L.H.S.C.;
Luiz C. de Freitas; Valdeir J. Farias and João B. Vieira Jr

Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica - Feelt
Campus Santa Mônica - Bloco “ 3N ”
38400-902 – Uberlândia - MG – Brazil
Phone/Fax: +55 34 3239-4166
Email: batista@ufu.br

*Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica do
Coordenação de Eletrônica
Av. Almirante Barroso, 1155 – Bairro: Marco
CEP: 66.240-260 Belém - PA – Brazil
Phone: (5591)226-0122 Fax: (5591) 226-9710
Email: joao.pinto@cefetpa.br

A high power factor (HPF) electronic ballast, with low switching losses, single power processing stage, that provides high frequency voltage to the fluorescent lamps is presented.  HPF is achieved by using a nonconventional  boost converter operating in critical conduction mode.


Fast AC/ DC converter with nearly unity power factor using the resonant current controller

J.C. Le Claire
GE44 – LARGE
Bd de l'Université - BP 406
44602 SAINT-NAZAIRE CEDEX, FRANCE
jclc@esa-igelec.gavysn.univ-nantes.fr

This paper describes a Power Factor Correction of an AC/DC power converter using a recent Resonant Current Controller (RCC). The investigated converter involves an input passive filter in order to remove the inter-modulation frequencies due to the pulse modulation. The Resonant Current Controller regulates the AC/DC inverter input current whose shape depends on the utility waveform. Therefore, the RCC criterion is investigated. Thereafter, as the chosen filter suits to the RCC operating modes, we target a nearly unity power factor. Indeed, due to the accurate tracking of the RCC, the inverter input current accurately tracks the network voltage waveform. Results demonstrate the excellent RCC behaviour in the proposed scheme and agree with the simulated ones.


An Active Circuit to Obtain Symmetrical Power Supply Control

Montes Jr, N.L.; Bissochi Jr, C.A.; F. Vincenzi, R. S.;
Ernane A. A. Coelho and Barreto L. H.S.C.
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica
Campus Santa Mônica - Bloco “3N”
38400-902 - Uberlândia - MG – Brasil
Phone/Fax: 55 34 239-4166
E-mail: batista@ufu.br

This paper presents a controlled symmetrical power supply. While feeding unbalanced loads, the converter will operate in the switching mode, and the circuit will only process the energy necessary to balance the output voltages. Switches conduction losses depends on how unbalanced the loads are.


Multi-Resonant Soft-Switched Forward Type AC/DC Converter

Michihiko Nagao and Koosuke Harada
Energy Electronics Laboratory
Sojo University
4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto, 860-0082
Japan
Tel:+81-96-326-3111
Fax: +81-96-326-3004
E-mail: nagao@ee.sojo-u.ac.jp

This paper presents a novel AC/DC converter circuit employing a multi resonance.
This converter is constructed basically by a forward type DC/DC converter and connected only one resonance capacitor CR. The proposed converter accomplishes high power factor and soft switching under constant switching frequency without the feedback diode to reset the transformer.


A single-phase-stage buck rectifier with an output voltage wde range

V. FERNÃO PIRES * #
*   Escola Superior Tecnologia de Setúbal, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Rua do Vale de Chaves, Estefanilha, 2914-508 Setúbal, phone: +351265790000, fax: +351265721869,
email: vpires@est.ips.pt
#   CAUTL – Centro Automática Univ. Técnica de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1096 Lisboa Codex, phone: +351218417436, fax: +351218417167
 
In this paper a new single-phase single-stage Buck rectifier with low effects on the main will be presented and discussed. This topology allows obtaining an input source current presenting low harmonic content and behaving as high power factor loads. The output voltage wide range is the main advantage over the known topologies. In the known topologies the output voltage is lower than the peak of the input ac voltage. For the new topology the output voltage is lower than the double of the peak of the input ac voltage. Therefore the output voltage range is increased two times. To achieve sinusoidal input current and high power factor, sliding mode control of the input current is proposed. A Proportional Integral (PI) controller is adopted to regulate the output voltage of the converter.


DS3.2: Topic 4: Application of control methods to electrical systems
(Betty Semail, EUDIL, France, J. L. Thomas, Alstom, France)

 

A FUZZY LOGIC-BASED LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROLLER: The Multi-Area Control Problem

A. M. Abdel-Hamid
Assistant Prof., Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, El-Monoufia University, Shebin El-Kom (32511), Egypt.
E-Mail: abdelhamied@gmx.de

This paper extends a research work of fuzzy logic control application for Load Frequency Control(LFC) of electric power system. A fuzzy logic algorithm is proposed to control an interconnected multi area power system. The advantage of the designed LFC controller is that its input signals can be taken centrally from the tie line power which straightforwardly measurable at any individual area. Accordingly, the high costs of local LFC at every station can be minimized. A throughout examination of the membership functions has been executed in order to get robust controller action even if the areas parameters are changing around more than ±50% uncertainty factors. Using the tie line power as an input to the fuzzy controller has proved that they include enough knowledge base to enable this controller giving efficient damping to the frequency variations allover the different interconnected buses.


INSENSIBLE CONTROL TO PARAMETER VARIATION APLLIED TO AN INDUCTION MOTOR: A REFERENCE MODEL APPROACH.

S. Cauët, L. Rambault, E. Etien, G. Champenois
LAII-ESIP
40, avenue du Recteur Pineau
Poitiers , France
tel: 33(0)549453508/fax:33(0)549454034
e-mail: sebastien.cauet@esip.univ-poitiers.fr

Abstract:
A linearized feedback system with a reference model is designed for an induction motor. The use of a reference model enables the nearly decoupling between the rotor speed and the rotor flux modulus which yields the independence of their dynamics with respect to resistance and inductance deviations. An experimental comparison test is carried out.


Real Time Induction Motor Drive Using Sliding Mode Linearization
 
Etien E Laboratoire d’Automatique et d’Informatique Industrielle
60 Avenue du recteur Pineau
86000 Poitiers, France
05.49.45.36.42 / Fax : 05.49.45.40.34
etien@esip.univ-poitiers.fr

In variable speed domain, many applications need high performances in term of torque and accuracy. To obtain high performances, several control methods have been developed few years ago. The variable structures of control methods were developed principally in Russia since 1950. Sliding mode theory has been used for Induction Motor (I.M) drive for a long time [1]. Introduce as a relative easier control design, sliding mode using switched control produces chattering phenomena and torque perturbations. Also, many solutions try to limit those drawbacks by using smoothed nonlinearities. In an other hand, many methods of non linear system control have been developed like linearization, backstepping [2] , [3]. This paper shows the utilization of sliding mode theory, well known by speed drive conceptors, in order to linearize the I.M behavior. Continuous feedbacks are designed to limit the chattering problem and a model based approach is used to impose motor state trajectories in despite of parameter variations.


Fuzzy Adaptive Control Methods for Power Electronics Applications

António P. Martins, Adriano S. Carvalho
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PORTO
Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
Phone: +351 22 5081816; Fax: +351 22 5081443
e-mail: ajm@fe.up.pt, asc@fe.up.pt
 
Fuzzy logic control application in power electronics is relatively new. However, the superior performance obtained in some cases originated high quality research in the difficult domains of controller adaptation and stability. General stability results, as in conventional control methods, are not easy to obtain and usually are associated with particular processes and controller structures. In the field of adaptive fuzzy control, there are much more quantitative and qualitative results. In this paper it is studied the application of fuzzy adaptive control methods in power electronics and systems. These applications are usually characterized by a known process structure but with some poor knowledge of its dynamics, parameters and disturbances. This is a major application area of fuzzy adaptive systems. In this paper it is discussed different adaptive fuzzy control methods applied to power electronics and systems and it is presented an illustrative example.


Anti-windup Circuits with On-line Optimisation by Genetic Algorithm
 
W.G. da Silva
Dep. of Electrical Engineering
Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais
Instituto Superior de Ensino e Pesquisa de Ituiutaba - ISEPI
Ituiutaba - MG - Brazil
wander@ituiutaba.uemg.br

P.P. Acarnley and J.W.Finch
Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne - United Kingdom
p.p.acarnley@ncl.ac.uk
j.w.finch@ncl.ac.uk
 
This work presents a study of some commonly used anti-windup circuits for use with proportional-integral speed controllers for drive application in the presence of load disturbance. Optimisation of the controller parameters and the anti-windup settings is achieved on-line using a genetic algorithm. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the efficiency of each anti-windup circuit.


Fuzzy Logic Control for Direct Torque Control Induction Motor Drives with Inverter Controlled using Space Vector Modulation Technique

Yen-Shin Lai,  Juo-Chiun Lin
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology
1, Sec. 3, Chuan-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
E-mail: yslai@ntut.edu.tw

Recent research results [1-3] have shown that using conventional PWM technique for inverter control instead of switching table in a Direct Torque Control (DTC) induction motor drive can effectively reduce the torque ripple without invoking the increase of sampling frequency. However, three controllers, including torque, flux and speed controllers, are required for DTC-based induction motor drives with PWM inverter control. Moreover, the parameters of controllers are usually decided by trial and error approach.
The objective of this paper is to present the applications of fuzzy logic control to DTC-based induction motor drives with inverter controlled using space vector modulation technique. It will be shown that the controllers are implemented using PI-type fuzzy logic control and the presented DTC-based induction motor drive has the features of fast response, disturbance rejection, and low speed ripple. Experimental results derived from a test system will be presented confirming the theoretical development.


Investigation into the Performance of Various Control Methods for Direct Torque Control Induction Motor Drives

Yen-Shin Lai,  Juo-Chiun Lin
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology
1, Sec. 3, Chuan-Hsiao E. Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
E-mail: yslai@ntut.edu.tw
 
The main theme of this paper is to investigate the performance of various types control methods, including proportional-integral (PI) control, PI-type fuzzy logic control (FLC), proportional-derivative (PD) type FLC, hybrid control, and combination of PD-type FLC and I control, for direct torque control (DTC) induction motor drives. The so-called hybrid control approach is a new method presented in this paper, which consists of PI control at steady state, PI-type fuzzy logic control at transient state, and a simple switching mechanism between steady and transient states.
The pros and cons of these controllers will be demonstrated by intensive experimental results. It will be shown that the proposed hybrid control approach is with fast tracking capability, less steady state error, and robust to load disturbance while not resorting to complicated or observer-based control method.


Neural Networks Implementation of Model Reference Adaptive Systems in Induction Motor Drive

Jerzy Jelonkiewicz, Andrzej Przybył
Czestochowa University of Technology
Dabrowskiego 69
42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
tel. +48-343250549 fax. +48-343250546
jelon@kik.pcz.czest.pl, przybyl@kik.pcz.czest.pl
http:// www.kik.pcz.czest.pl

In the paper four rotor speed estimators are considered, which are based on Model Reference Adaptive Systems (MRAS). Then neural networks structures are selected to implement the schemes. This approach offers more freedom to select better set of input signals for the networks at the cost of open loop operation. The best networks substituting reference model and adaptive model with controller are compared to select the best configuration. Then the networks are implemented in the DSP system It is expected that these networks can offer additional features like better accuracy and insensitivity to motor parameter variation.


An Input-Output Linearisation Based Sliding Mode Scheme For Induction Motor Control Using A Sliding Mode Flux Observer

A. Benchaib C. Edwards
Power Electronics Research Team Control and Instrumentation Group
ALSTOM Technologies Engineering Department
9, rue Ampere University of Leicester
91345 Massy Leicester LE1 7RH
France United kingdom
 
This paper proposes a new scheme for induction motor control. The controller is based on input-output linearisation and sliding mode techniques. Stator currents are derived using input-output linearisation methods to ensure speed and كux tracking. Thereafter, stator voltages are designed which seek to provide stator current tracking using sliding mode ideas. The control scheme assumes that only the motor speed and stator currents are measured and the observer estimates the unmeasured flux components. Some simulation results are given to show the performances of the scheme.


Neural networks rotor position estimators in PM synchronous motor drive

Jerzy Jelonkiewicz
Czestochowa University of Technology
Dabrowskiego 69
42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
tel. +48-343250549 fax. +48-343250546
jelon@kik.pcz.czest.pl
http://www.kik.pcz.czest.pl

In the paper different rotor position estimation methods without speed/position sensors, applied in PM synchronous motor (PMSM), are considered. Then neural networks are proposed to diminish computing requirements. It is expected that these networks can estimate rotor position with high accuracy and can offer other features like insensitivity to motor parameter variation.


Modeling And Control Aspects Of Active Magnetic Bearing
 
A.E. Hartavı , O. Ustun, R.N. Tuncay
Electrical Engineering Department
Istanbul Technical University
80626 Maslak-ISTANBUL/TURKEY
Tel: +90 212 285 67 75
Fax: +90 212 285 67 00
E-mail: hartavi@elk.itu.edu.tr, ustun@elk.itu.edu.tr, tuncay@elk.itu.edu.tr

This paper presents the design, control and experiments of a magnetic bearing system, of which operation principle is based upon dc magnetic attraction. Initially, electromechanical model is derived for representing dynamics of the system. The magnetic bearing model is formed in virtual environment (VisSimTM) and simulation results have obtained for various improper conditions such as the deviation from balanced condition. Then, design optimization is achieved by using FEM analysis and the results of the simulation is presented. Finally, experimental set up is formed in which digital PD type controller is used for obtaining a stable levitation. It is shown that, the system is levitated stable at standstill.


Intelligent Battery Charger using Fuzzy Time Interval Method for Mobile Applications
 
Darwin T.W. Liang
UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD
Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunications
Bradford, England
(44) 1274 234039/391521(fax)
E-mail: d.t.w.liang@bradford.ac.uk
http://www.et.brad.ac.uk
 
Alberto Sanchez T.
ESCUELA POLITECNICA NACIONAL
P.O. Box 17-01-2759
Quito, Ecuador
(593) 2 507134 Ext. 311
E-mail: asanchez@uio.satnet.net
http://wwwfie.epn.edu.ec
 
An intelligent battery charger algorithm is presented using a fuzzy rule-based time interval method. The proposed strategy is capable of pre-determining the battery charge status prior to charging, and correctly terminating the charging process without overcharging the battery beyond its full capacity. The scheme is designed and implemented using a low-cost micro controller chip as the brain to control a prototype power transistor charger. Theoretical analysis are illustrated and explained. Experimental results are presented for verification.


Comparison between fuzzy logic regulation and variable structure approach applied to DC motor control

Franck Betin, A. Sivert, Daniel Pinchon
Institut Universitaire de Technologie de l’Aisne – CREA
15, avenue François Mitterrand, 02880 Cuffies - FRANCE
Tel: +(33) 3 23 76 40 24
Fax:+(33) 3 23 76 40 25
Email: Franck.Betin@iut.u-picardie.fr
 
In this paper, two control strategies are used to control the position of a DC motor drive. The first one is based on the fuzzy logic theory and the second one is based on the variable structure approach. The designs of the two control laws are completely different but the aims of the two algorithms are the same. Indeed, when the parameters of the two controllers are correctly chosen, the trajectories in the phase plane slides around the same line. The characteristics of the two controllers are first presented and then the experimental results obtained with an Intel 80C196kb microcontroller are depicted.


Control laws soft switching for a DC/DC converter

D. Alejo, P. Maussion and J. Faucher
Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique et d'Electronique Industrielle
Unité Mixte de Recherche INPT-ENSEEIHT / CNRS n° 5828
BP 7122 - 2 rue Camichel - 31071 Toulouse Cedex 7 – France
http://www.leei.enseeiht.fr
E-mail: alejo@leei.enseeiht.fr
            maussion@leei.enseeiht.fr
            faucher@leei.enseeiht.fr
 
This paper describes a new principle lying on soft commutation between two control laws by the mean of fuzzy logic used to design a robust and simple control law for a dc to dc converter. This soft switching between a classical IP controller and a simple non-linear law provides significant dynamic and static performances enhancement on simulation and experimental results. The tuning of the fuzzy logic parameters is made through Hooke and Jeaves optimisation procedure.


A solar battery charger for two modes of operation using a dc-dc buck converter based on a Fuzzy Logic Controller
 
Rafael M. Lamaison, SergioVivas, Juan Peracaula
UPC - Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña
Diagonal 647 Planta 9, ETSEIB
08028 Barcelona, Spain
Tel. 34-93-4011098
Fax. 34-93-4017785
lamaison@eel.upc.es
 
In this paper a solar battery charger for two modes of operation using a dc-dc buck converter based on a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) has been worked out. To improve energetic efficiency of a photovoltaic system an optimum power transfer from the solar panel to its load is needed. A C++ language program to simulate the system and the Fuzzy Logic Control in a closed loop scheme has been developed. On the other hand, experimental results of the FLC operating in two power modes of charges are presented. The two modes of charges are constant current with voltage limited and constant voltage with current limited.


Generalized Model for Robustness Analysis of Positioning with Flux Oriented Controlled Induction Machine

 

E. Laroche(1), Y. Bonnassieux(2), H. Abou-Kandil(2), J.P. Louis(2)

(1) Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Image, de l’Informatique et de la Télédétection (LSIIT),

Parc d’innovation, bd Sébastien Brant, F 67400 Illkirch

Phone : (33) 3 90 24 44 68 – Fax : (33) 3 90 24 44 80

Edouard.Laroche@ipst-ulp.u-strasbg.fr
(2) Laboratoire d’Electricité, Signaux et Robotique (LESiR),

61, av. du président Wilson, F 94235 Cachan

Phone : (33) 1 47 40 53 44 – Fax : (33) 1 47 40 24 31

Yvan.bonnassieux@lesir.ens-cachan.fr

A model is presented in this paper allowing robustness evaluation via m‑analysis of systems including induction motors with flux oriented control (FOC). The system considered is composed of an induction motor connected to a mechanical load via a flexible joint. Parameter uncertainties are simultaneously considered on both electric and mechanical parts. The model of flux oriented controlled induction machine, accounting for parameter errors, is developed and transformed in a shape ad-hoc for robustness analysis. m‑analysis background is presented and results are given in the case of a controller designed with H¥ “loop-shaping” method.



An energy efficient self-adjusting speed controller for industrial DC motor drives
 
A.M.Sharaf * , S.I. Abu-Azab
Electrical Engineering Department
United Arab Emirates University
Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17555, U.A.E.
A.sharaf@uaeu.ac.ae
* Presently a professor of electrical engineering at the university of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B.
CANADA E3B5A3
A.sharaf@unb.ca

The paper presents a novel self adjusting speed (SAC) controller comprising two dynamic error regulation loops (speed and power) to ensure effective speed reference tracking as well as power/energy conservation for common cyclical loads driven by industrial large DC motor drives.



Neural Network Based Predictive Control of Electrical Drives with Elastic Transmission and Backlash

Ivan Petrović, Zoran Rac, Nedjeljko Perić
UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB, FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTING, DEPARTMENT OF CONTROL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING IN AUTOMATION
Unska 3
Zagreb, Croatia
Phone number/Fax number: +38516129844/+38516129809,
e-mail: ivan.petrovic@fer.hr
http://www.rasip.fer.hr/act

A control strategy based on generalized predictive controller (GPC) is proposed for control of electrical drives with transmission elasticity and backlash. Neural network based model is used for identification of the two-mass mechanical system with elastic transmission and backlash with negligible friction. It is assumed that only measurement at the load side is available. Since GPC controller requires linear process model, neural model is linearized by means of instantaneous linearization in each sample instant. This control strategy is then compared to the classical GPC based on linear process model by computer simulations and experimentally on a laboratory model of the electrical drive with transmission elasticity and backlash.



Supervisory Control of Multiple AC Motors Coupled Through Mechanical Stiff Shaft

Zbigniew Nowacki, Sławomir Sikora, Andrzej Jezierski
Technical University of Lodz
Lodz, Poland
Tel.: +48 42 6312556, Fax: +48 42 6312551
znowacki@ck-sg.p.lodz.pl
 
The important problem in the multiple AC motors coupled through mechanical stiff shaft drives is non-uniform load distribution. This article introduces the structure of laboratory model of AC multi-motor drive system along with its supervising control unit. The results of laboratory and simulation tests are presented.



Speed-Sensorless Control of An Induction Motor Using Fuzzy Logic

Daniel PIRJAN, Francis LABRIQUE, Paul SENTE
UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN
3 Place du Levant
Louvain La Neuve 1348, BELGIUM
Phone:++32 10 47 2250
Fax: ++32 10 47 8667
E-mail: pirjan@lei.ucl.ac.be
            labrique@lei.ucl.ac.be
            sente@lei.ucl.ac.be

The paper presents the experimental results obtained with a speed-sensorless FOC of an induction motor (IM) supplied by a PWM-Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). The speed tuning signal is estimated with a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) observer which uses the back e.m.fs quantities. Mamdani’s fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) are used for the speed controller and also for the MRAS controller.



Flux-guided control strategy for pulse pattern changes without transients of torque and current for high power IGBT-Inverter drives

Evers, Christoph
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Institute for Generation and Application
of electrical Energy
D-44780 Bochum
Phone: ++49 234 / 32 24642
Fax: ++49 234 / 32 04642
evers@eaee.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Wörner, Kai
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Institute for Generation and Application
of electrical Energy
D-44780 Bochum
Phone: ++49 234 / 32 24642
Fax: ++49 234 / 32 04642
woerner@eaee.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Hoffmann, Frank
Siemens Transportation Systems
TS GT E3
Günther-Scharowsky Str. 1
D-91058 Erlangen
Phone: ++49 9131 / 7 35151
Fax: ++49 9131 / 818 35151
frank.2.hoffmann@ts.siemens.de

Steimel, Andreas
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Institute for Generation and Application
of electrical Energy
D-44780 Bochum
Phone: ++49 234 / 32 23890
Fax: ++49 234 / 32 14597
steimel@eaee.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

A flux-guided regime for pulse pattern changes (PPC) of quasi-synchronous pulse patterns without unwanted transients for high power inverter drives is presented. Contrasting known timer-controlled strategies the orientation at the stator flux guarantees predictable distortions in torque and current at the PPCs, too. Characteristics are explained and verified by measurements.



DS3.3: Topic 6: Adjustable speed drive systems
(B. Davat, ENSEM-INPL, France)

 

Stability analysis of digital current vector control of ac-machines

Martin Riese and Jochen Bechtler
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Kurfürstenanlage 52-60, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany
Martin.Riese@de.heidelberg.com, Jochen.Bechtler@de.heidelberg.com
 
Current vector control based on the discrete model of ac-machines has been shown to enable fast torque impression and decoupling of field- and quadrature axis currents. The respective controller design may however lead to an unstable disturbance response, depending on the motor parameters. A solution is presented and verified by measured results.



A Medium Voltage AC Drive with Active Front End And Improved Performance

Navid Zargari Manish Pande Jason Wiseman Steven Rizzo
ROCKWELL AUTOMATION
135 Dundas St.
Cambridge, ON, CANADA N1R-5X1
tel: 519-740-4100-2208, fax: 519-740-4163
nrzargari@ra.rockwell.com

A new Curent Source Inverter (CSI)-based Medium Voltage ac drive with Active Front End (AFE), sensorless vector control and Symmetric Gate Commutated Thyristors (SGCTs) is presented. The paper emphasizes a PWM rectifier front end since this configuration can meet the IEEE-519 requirements without the need for an isolation or multi winding transformer. The proposed drive operates the SGCTs with minimal snubbers and at a higher switching frequency than GTOs. This results in a reduction in the size of the filter components and improved performance characteristics while maintaining minimum component count. The paper describes the direct sensorless vector control adapted for Current Source inverters and focuses on the implementation and application issues of the PWM rectifier and the control strategy. Two 4160V drives (600hp and 1250hp) are tested and the steady state and dynamic response to load/speed changes is presented and discussed.


 

Variable-Speed Asynchronous Drives Employing Structural Harmonic Elimination Techniques

P. Bolognesi, D. Casini, L. Taponecco
Department of Electrical Systems and Automation - University of Pisa
Via Diotisalvi 2 - 56126 Pisa - Italy - tel. +39-050-565111 - fax +39-050-565333
http://www.dsea.unipi.it
e-mail: Paolo.Bolognesi@DSEA.UniPi.It

It still exists many practical applications of induction motors whose performance requirements are limited to soft startup and gross speed adjustability with acceptable torque profile, while a low drive cost constitutes a key issue. In such cases, conventional solutions are still employed since advanced inverter drives result usually not attractive for such purposes, due to a too high cost / actual benefits ratio. This paper proposes the application of simple structural harmonic elimination methods as low-complexity modulation techniques for low-end, low-cost inverter drives for induction motors employing the scalar V/f regulation strategy. The employ of a very simple control system, a low switching frequency inverter and a standard single-winding motor should in fact permit to offer such drives with a limited overcost with respect to conventional solutions, which could be accepted considering the achievable adjustability improvements.
Design considerations and simulation results are reported.


 

Single Phase Mains Supplied Variable Speed Induction Motor Drive

Peter Lürkens
Philips Research Laboratories
Aachen, Germany
+49-241-6003-259/+49-241-6003-465
peter.luerkens@philips.com
http://www.research.philips.com/
 
A new control method allows to operate a 3-phase induction motor with a simple voltage source inverter from the single-phase mains with low mains harmonics at a wide speed range. No electrolytic capacitors are required anymore. Even the torque ripple can be low. The control method implements a kind of inverse compensation of the DC bus voltage which removes all frequency components from the motor phase voltage except two, symmetrical to the modulator frequency.



Large Capacity High Efficiency Three-Level GCT Inverter System for Steel Rolling Mill Drives
 
Masato Koyama*, Yasuhito Shimomura*, Hiroaki Yamaguchi*, Makoto Mukunoki*, Hideo Okayama**, Shoji Mizoguchi*
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
*1-1-2, Wadasaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe 652-8555, JAPAN
*TEL:+81-78-682-6852, FAX:+81-78-682-6238
**8-1-1, Tsukaguchi Honmachi, Amagasaki, 661-8661, JAPAN
*E-mail address: koyamam@pic.melco.co.jp
 
The number of large capacity voltage source inverters using GTO thyristors applied to steel rolling mill drives is increasing due to their advantages such as high power factor and high output frequency. Further improvement in power conversion efficiency is desired for these voltage source inverters. This paper presents a new large capacity (12MVA) high efficiency three-level inverter using GCT thyristor with world’s largest capacity of 6kV/6kA. In this paper, we describe several key techniques such as high performance GCT gate drive circuit and snubber-less main circuit developed to realize this new GCT inverter. Some experimental results are shown to demonstrate that the developed GCT inverter has enough robustness and reliability to be applied for the steel main rolling mill drives.



High Performance Anti-Windup Control for Speed Servo System of Vector Controlled Induction Motor

Kiyoshi Ohishi and Emiko Hayasaka
Department of Electrical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka-city, NIIGATA, 940-2188, Japan
Phone: +81-258-47-9525, FAX: +81-258-47-9500
e-mail: ohishi@vos.nagaokaut.ac.jp

Generally, a speed servo system of vector-controlled induction motor has a limitation of motor volt-age and motor current. When the speed servo system has a large torque reference, the output of its PI
controller is often saturated. In this case, the conventional servo system stops the integral calculation of its PI controller. However, this system often has a large overshoot and or an oscillated response caused by both a windup phenomenon and phase error on vector control condition. This paper proposes a new anti-windup control method for the speed servo system of vector-controlled induction motor. The pro-posed method compensates the phase error on vector control condition, and always keeps the vector control condition. The experimental results show that the proposed system well regulates a motor speed and a motor secondary magnetic flux for a large torque reference without a windup phenomenon.



Power Converter Filtering Techniques design for Very High Speed Drive Systems

 

M.Carpita*, D. Colombo*, A. Monti^, A. Fradilli°
*ABB Ricerca,
viale Edison 50, Sesto San Giovanni,
20099 Milano,
Italy
mauro.carpita@it.abb.com
dario.colombo@it.abb.com

^ Dept. of Electrical Engineering,

University of South Carolina, Columbia (SC),
USA

MONTI@engr.sc.edu

° Politecnico di Milano,
P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano,
Italy

Recently industry started to show interest on very high speed, high power drives. In designing this kind of drives several problem must be faced, both on the power converter and on the motor. ABB is now studying an experimental high power, high speed drive based on PM motor.
One of the main problems in designing the drive is to supply the motor with a good voltage waveform from the harmonics point of view. One possible solution is to put a suitable passive filter between the power converter and the motor. In this paper three different solutions are described: a complete passive power filter, a decoupled control with passive filter and a sliding mode approach
.



High Efficiency Vector Control System Using Open-Winding Motor and Two Space Vector Modulated Inverters

Yoshitaka Kawabata
Osaka Prefectural College of Technology
Saiwai-cho 26-12, Neyagawa, Osaka, 572-8572, JAPAN
TEL: +81-72-821-6401, FAX: +81-72-821-0134
kawabata@ecs.osaka-pct.ac.jp
 
Motoshi Nasu, Tomoyuki Kawakami, Emenike Ejiogu and Takao Kawabata
Ritsumeikan University
Nojihigashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, JAPAN
TEL: +81-77-566-1111, FAX: +81-77-561-2663
kawabata@se.ritsumei.ac.jp
 
This paper proposes a new high efficiency drive system using an open-winding a.c. motor and two space vector modulated inverters. This configuration consists of a 3-level inverter with switching at once every cycle and a 2-level inverter of about 1kHz switching frequency, connected respectively to the opposite terminals of the open-winding a.c. motor. With the proposed configuration, good current waveforms, low acoustic noise and high efficiency can be obtained. Moreover, this space vector modulation system is suitable for the vector control


DSP-BASED INTELLIGENT MOTION CONTROL

S. Beierke / J.C. Soroka
Texas Instruments
D-85350, Freising
Germany
Tel.: +49-8161-804885 / +33 -49322 2410
Fax: 49-8161-804310
E-mail: sbei@ti.com / jc-soroka@ti.com

P. Vas
Department of Engineering
University of Aberdeen
Aberdeen, AB24 3UE
United Kingdom
Tel.: 44-1224-272818
Fax: 44-1224-272497
E-mail: p.vas@eng.abdn.ac.uk

At present there is a rapid increase in the number of digital signal processors (DSPs) for various motion control applications. However, a very significant further increase is expected in the near future due to wider applications in existing and new areas: domestic appliances, automotive auxiliaries, micro-electromechanical systems, military systems, etc. The present paper discusses the state-of-the-art Texas Instruments (TI) fixed point and floating point DSPs used in motion control applications and will also focus on future activities.



A High Performance Sensorless Induction Motor Drive for use in Multi-Motor Speed Synchronised Applications

G. Turl, M. Sumner and G. M. Asher
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
The University of Nottingham, University Park
Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Tel: +44 (0) 115 9515549
Fax: +44 (0) 115 9515616
Email: gt@eee.nottingham.ac.uk
http://www.eee.nottingham.ac.uk/power/

This paper presents a high performance sensorless induction motor drive that is based on the machine electrical model and tuned by a robust speed estimate. This estimate is obtained from an adaptive algorithm tracking rotor slot harmonics that appear in voltage and current quantities. The resultant system is tested for use in multi-motor, speed synchronised drives, an application typically requiring encodered performance. Excellent system performance is demonstrated on a dual 4kW experimental rig.



Design of a Compact BLDC motor for Transient Applications

Y.K. Chin, W.M. Arshad, T. Bäckström & C. Sadarangani
Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
Department of Electrical Engineering
Teknikringen 33, SE-100 44
Stockholm, Sweden
Tel: + 46 8 790 7757 Fax: + 46 8 205 268
E-mail: Robert.chin@ekc.kth.se
http://www.ekc.kth.se/eme/
 
Applications such as emergency breakers, protective devices in explosive environments, emergency exit openings etc. fall into a broad category that can be grouped under a general term transient applications. This paper presents a compact brushless permanent magnet (BLDC) motor design for those short time operations. Design procedures for both interior and exterior rotor BLDC configurations are described. Design analysis is verified by testing and building a prototype motor. It is found that the most critical design criterion is to avoid magnet demagnetisation. A thermal check on the design is always advisable although thermal loading is negligible.


Instantaneous Power Control of Induction Machines

R.E. Betz
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
TEL: +61-2-4921-6091, FAX: +61-2-4921-6993
Email: reb@ecemail.newcastle.edu.au
http://www.ee.newcastle.edu.au/users/staff/reb

B.J. Cook
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
TEL: +61-2-4921-6022, FAX: +61-2-4921-6993
Email: brian@ecemail.newcastle.edu.au
http://www.ee.newcastle.edu.au/users/staff/brian/Brian.html

High performance induction machine control is usually implemented using field oriented control (FOC) or direct torque control (DTC). These strategies both have their strengths and weaknesses. The concept of instantaneous power control (IPC) has been used previously in power compensators and to control the voltage on the DC link of drive systems, but it is a new concept for the control of induction machines. By simultaneously controlling the instantaneous real and imaginary power flowing into the machine it is possible to control the machine’s instantaneous torque and flux. The algorithm to achieve this is more robust to machine parameter inaccuracies compared to the classical field oriented control, and is capable of similar dynamic performance to field oriented and direct torque control. This paper develops the IPC algorithm, and then presents simulation results of its performance. Special emphasis is given to the effects of practical issues such as parameter accuracy and inverter dead time on the performance of the algorithm.



A cost optimised direct drive for low-speed industrial applications

Göran Göransson Lars Sjöberg Jürgen Reinert
Emotron AB
Mörsaregatan 12, 250 24 Helsingborg
Sweden
Tel. +46 42 16 99 63/ Fax +46 42 16 99 49
goran.goransson@emotron.se, lars.sjoberg@emotron.se, jurgen.reinert@emotron.se,
http://www.emotron.se

This paper entails the selection of a drive suited best for applications demanding variable low-speed operation at low production costs and high reliability. According to the specification, different possible drives are first compared to each other before detailed design considerations for the chosen solution, a 3‑phase switched reluctance drive, is presented. Along with experimental results, considerations for a cost optimised motor and converter design are given.



Speed Control of an Induction Motor with Acceleration Feedforward Control

Jae-Wang Lee, Sang-Hoon Kim
Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. of Kangwon National University,
Chunchon, Korea (ZIP 200-701)
Tel. : +82-33-250-6293 Fax. : +82-33-241-3775
E-mail : kshoon@cc.kangwon.ac.kr

In this paper, a novel speed control strategy using an acceleration feedforward compensation by the estimation of the system inertia is proposed. With the proposed method, the enhanced speed control performance can be achieved and the speed response against the disturbance torque can be improved for the vector-controlled induction motor drive systems in which the bandwidth of the speed controller cannot be made large enough. The simulation and experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed strategy.



Modeling and Optimal Integration of a FPGA-Based Position Estimator for Sensorless Controller of Fully-Pitched Winding Reluctance Motor Drives

Y.A. Chapuis(1), Y. Kebbati(1), T. Kosaka(2), N. Matsui(2)(1):LEPSI-IN2P3-ULP Strasbourg
23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France
Tel : (33)(0)3 90 24 28 64 / Fax  : ~ 28 70
e-mail : chapuis,kebbati@lepsi.in2p3.fr
http://www-lepsi.in2p3.fr


(2)
:Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Nagoya Institute of Technology.
Gokiso Showa, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
Tel : (81) 52 735 5420 / Fax  : ~5442
e-mail : kosaka,matsui@elcom.nitech.ac.jp
http://www.elcom.nitech.ac.jp

This paper present a FPGA solution for a fuzzy logic based-position estimator of a sensorless controller of fully-pitched winding reluctance motor drives. A modular architecture of a position estimator is proposed in order to reach flexible and optimization performances of integration. Indeed, IC design can increase the specificity of a digital controller by exploiting the parallelism presented in most algorithms. Moreover, this solution can reduce the cost of the implementation by only use the necessary hardware. The aim of the integration is to relieve and to speed up the DSP calculation tasks while improving control results A modular architecture approach is proposed by decomposing the general algorithm of the position estimator in specific module architectures. Afterwards, these modules which are designed, synthesized and valid by simulation from VHDL models. Behavior simulation results of the FPGA are obtained by post-simulation and delay retro-annotation using Altera components library. Hardware results of position estimator integration will be also done.


 

DTC Strategy for Multi-machine Multi-inverter industrial System
 

J. Belhadj(1)(2), I. Belkhodja(1), B. De Fornel(3), M. Pietrzak-David(3)

LSE-ENIT, BP 37 le Belvèdère 1002 Tunis-Tunisia, Tél (216)1874700,Fax (216) 872 729

ESSTT, 5 Av. Taha Hussen 1008 Tunis-Tunisia, Fax (216) 1 391 166

Jamel.belhadj@esstt.rnu.tn , ilhem.belkhoja@enit.rnu.tn

(3) LEEI, UMR-INPT-ENSEEIHT/ CNRS, BP7122, 2 Rue Camichel, Toulouse Cedex 7 France, Tél (33) 561588208, Fax (33) 561620976

Bernard.de.fornel@leei.enseeiht.fr  , Maria.david@leei.enseeiht.fr

The basic aim of this paper is to apply the Direct Torque Control (DTC) strategy to an industrial multi-machine multi-inverter system. Different functioning scenarios are analyzed to study the complexity of this system. Mechanical and electrical couplings constitute the principal operation difficulty of this system mainly when one of the machines is perturbed. Speeds and tension controls are designed and their performances are analyzed and compared with those obtained with a Flux Oriented Control (FOC).


Symetrisation of asymetrical short-circuits in IGBT drives

A.Colasse, L. Delporte, J-E. Masselus
ALSTOM Belgium / Transport
BP 4211
B-6001 Charleroi, Belgium
 
M. Osée, P. Mathys
 ULB Elmitel
Av. Roosevelt, 50 CP 165/56
B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
 
This paper presents the implementation of a protection strategy to reduce the transient overtorque of an induction motor in case of failure of the IGBT voltage source inverter feeding this motor.
The protection strategy is applicable to 2-level and 3-level inverters and was implemented on several railways vehicles.



Different Control Strategies for Three-phase PWM Inverters

Mourad Fathallah *, Francis Calmon **, Christian Gontrand *, M. H. El-husseini *, Jean Pierre Chante *
* Centre de Génie Electrique de Lyon - INSA de Lyon
** ST Microelectronics - Grenoble, France
mourad@cegely.insa-lyon.fr

This paper presents a novel VHDL architecture aimed to optimize the integration of control algorithms for asynchronous motors and to develop digital modeling strategies in order to master the design and analysis of large and complex systems. Algorithms and methods to implement an ASIC has been studied in this work with the aim to offer an optimized solution to the IC designer. It is also question of a general purpose study on different implementation approaches applied to motor regulation. The designed control IC can be incorporated with a digital signal processor (DSP) to provide an effective solution for high-performance ac drives. Simulations and experimental tests gave entire satisfaction.


Vector controlled induction drive system for direct driven electrical vehicle
 
Khawatmi , M.
University of Pisa / Italy - Dept. of Electrical System and Automation (DSEA) E-mail khawatmi@dsea.unipi.it.
Tel.+39. 050 565348 Fax.+39. 050 565333- 2, Diotisalvi St. I - 56126 Pisa / Italy
 
The paper deals with a new method for simultaneous speed and rotor resistance estimation in vector controlled induction motor drive system, with emphasis on its’ application in Direct Driven Electrical Vehicle. The direct rotor field orientation method has been chosen as vector control strategy. In order to estimate the rotor flux components, a Robust Adaptive Flux Observer has taken into consideration [1,3]. The simultaneous speed and rotor resistance estimation is performed only using the model of the induction motor together with statistical algorithms


Implementation of Modified MRAC to Drives Control

Petar Crnozija and Keljko Ban
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing
Unska 3, HR-10000 Zagreb, CROATIA
Phone: + 385 1 6129 848, Fax: + 385 1 6129 809
E-mail: petar.crnosija@fer.hr
Yurij A. Bortsov
State Technical University
Sankt Petersburg, Prof. Popov Street 5, RUSSIA
 
Model reference adaptive control and self-tuning controller are the most frequently used adaptive methods. Model reference adaptive control with parameter adaptation and self-tuning controller need more iteration for optimal tuning of controller parameters and new tuning of controller parameters for changed plant parameters. The main advantage of a model reference adaptive control scheme with signal adaptation is that it acts optimally in the first change of reference and disturbance value and that it does not need new tuning for changed plant parameters. The implementation of reference model and signal adaptation algorithm for adaptive control of electrical drives is discussed. The basic structure of an MRAC with signal adaptation algorithm is described. The modified structure of a signal adaptation mechanism with adjustable reference model of a plant and/or adjustable observer, which eliminates high frequency oscillation from the plant is described. An MRAC with a modified signal adaptation algorithm has been implemented on a dc motor drive. The presented oscillograms show that the influence of parameter variation and load torque can be quickly and significantly reduced by using the plant reference model and modified signal adaptation algorithm.


Flux-guided control strategy for pulse pattern changes without transients of torque and current for high power IGBT-Inverter drives

Evers, Christoph
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Institute for Generation and Application
of electrical Energy
D-44780 Bochum
Phone: ++49 234 / 32 24642
Fax: ++49 234 / 32 04642
evers@eaee.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Wörner, Kai
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Institute for Generation and Application
of electrical Energy
D-44780 Bochum
Phone: ++49 234 / 32 24642
Fax: ++49 234 / 32 04642
woerner@eaee.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Hoffmann, Frank
Siemens Transportation Systems
TS GT E3
Günther-Scharowsky Str. 1
D-91058 Erlangen
Phone: ++49 9131 / 7 35151
Fax: ++49 9131 / 818 35151
frank.2.hoffmann@ts.siemens.de

Steimel, Andreas
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Institute for Generation and Application
of electrical Energy
D-44780 Bochum
Phone: ++49 234 / 32 23890
Fax: ++49 234 / 32 14597
steimel@eaee.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

A flux-guided regime for pulse pattern changes (PPC) of quasi-synchronous pulse patterns without unwanted transients for high power inverter drives is presented. Contrasting known timer-controlled strategies the orientation at the stator flux guarantees predictable distortions in torque and current at the PPCs, too. Characteristics are explained and verified by measurements.



DS3.4: Topic 6: Sensorless techniques
(E. Levi, Liverpool John Moores University, UK)
 

Diagnosis by parameter estimation of stator and rotor faults occuring in induction machines

S. Bachir*,**, S. Tnani*, J. C. Trigeassou*, G. Champenois*
* Laboratoire d’Automatique et d’Informatique Industrielle
40, avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86020 Poitiers Cedex, France.
** Moteurs LEROY SOMER, Direction Scientifique, 16015 Angoulème Cedex, France

Phone : (33) 5 49 45 36 43 / Fax : (33) 5 49 45 40 34

E-mail : Smail.Bachir@esip.univ-poitiers.fr

The authors propose a new diagnosis method for simultaneous stator and rotor faults in induction motors. This method is based on parameter estimation of the new Park’s model, developed to take into account inter turn short-circuits of stator windings and broken rotor bars. A diagnosis procedure has been validated on real faulty experiments.


Doubly-fed a.c. machines: classification and comparison

B. Hopfensperger
(formerly University of Newcastle upon Tyne)
Siemens AG, Automation & Drives
Frauenauracherstr. 80, 91056 Erlangen, Germany
Tel: +49-(0)9131-98-2744
bernhard.hopfensperger@erlf.siemens.de

D.J. Atkinson
Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng.
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K.
Tel: +44-(0)191-222-8357
dave.atkinson@newcastle.ac.uk

A doubly-fed machine is a three phase a.c. machine with two accessible three phase windings from which power can be fed to or extracted from. This paper classifies and describes the various types of such an electrical machine with their potential in variable-speed constant-frequency applications. Construction issues, frequency behaviour, power flow, modeling and control are the main focus points. Covered machines are the single doubly-fed (wound rotor ) induction machine (SDFM), the cascaded doubly-fed induction machine (CDFM), the single-frame cascaded doubly-fed induction machine (SF-CDFM), the so-called brushless doubly-fed induction machine (BDFM), the doubly-fed reluctance machine (DFRM) and the tandem induction machine (TIM). A comparison list concludes this machine overview.



Speed Sensorless Vector Control of Parallel Connected Dual Induction Motor

Yusuke KONO, Hirotoshi KAWAI, Shinichi YOKOMIZO and Kouki MATSUSE
Dept.of Electrical Engineering, Meiji University
1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, JAPAN
Phone / Fax 81-44-934-7293
E-mail:matsuse@isc.meiji.ac.jp

The purpose of this work is to present the speed-sensorless vector control method of the torque production from each rotor of two induction motors with parallel connected stator windings fed by a single inverter. In this paper an adaptive rotor flux observer is applied to the method in order to eliminate a flux sensor, and an adaptive scheme for rotor speed is added to the adaptive rotor flux observer in order to eliminate a speed sensor. The experimental results show that the proposed method is useful under the rating of each induction motor are different.



BLDC motor position detection at standstill

F. Bonvin and Y. Perriard
Swiss Federal Institue of Technology, Electromechanical Institute (EPFL-LEME)
ELG-Ecublens, CH-1015 LAUSANNE, Switzerland.
Phone number : ++41.21.693.2692, Fax Number : ++41.21.693.20.50
frederic.bonvin@epfl.ch, yves.perriard@epfl.ch

In some applications, it is interesting to know the position of a BLDC Motor at standstill. This paper propose one solution using the saturation property of the motor. Principle, simulation and measures are presented. The results of industrial applications are exposed and discussed. Several preview works has been done on this subject. The purpose of this paper is to present a new method allowing to enhance the precision up to 2.
Furthermor, the method can be applied to all type of brushless DC motors, even with airgap or toothless ones.



Microcomputer-based control system for drives with resilient couplings

Maciej Tondos
University of Mining & Metallurgy
Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
phone: (+48 12) 617 39 21, fax: (+48 12) 637 40 35
e-mail: tondos@uci.agh.edu.pl

Wojciech Mysiński
Technical University of Cracow
ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
phone: (+48 12) 628 26 98, fax: (+48 12) 628 26 54
e-mail: mysinski@usk.pk.edu.pl
 
This paper is concerned with principles of the estimation of non-measurable state variables and external torque load in drives with an elastic motor shaft (two mass system). In many drive systems, the use of resilient couplings between the motor and the processing machine, due to elastic shafts and gears, is often unavoidable. In this paper, speed control for torsional vibration suppression in a 2-mass motor drive system is studied. The speed control method which uses a state and disturbance observer with a PI controller has a better control response than a typical PI speed controller.



Estimating the Back-EMF of an Induction Motor

Veli-Matti Leppänen and Jorma Luomi
Helsinki University of Technology
Institute of Intelligent Power Electronics
P.O. Box 3000, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland
+358 9 451 4966
Fax +358 9 460 224
E-mail: veli-matti.leppanen@hut.fi

Information about the back-emf of an induction motor can be used in various control and estimation schemes. This paper proposes a simple method for fast tracking of the back-emf based on the evaluation of the derivative of the stator current during a PWM switching period. No prior knowledge of motor parameters is needed. Simulation results show that the estimated back-emf is in close agreement with the actual one even under transient conditions.



Speed Sensorless Sliding Mode Torque and Flux Control of Induction Motor with Stator Resistance Adaptation Algorithm

Miran Rodič, Karel Jezernik
University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Smetanova 17
Maribor, Slovenia
Tel. (++386 2) 220 7308 / Fax. (++386 2) 220 7315
e-mail: miran.rodic@uni-mb.si, karel.jezernik@uni-mb.si
http://www.ro.feri.uni-mb.si
 
Speed sensorless induction motor torque and flux tracking control algorithm is presented. Proposed approach addresses the problem of operation at both, low and high speed. The idea is realized using a non-linear flux observer by introducing a non-linear stator frequency dependent gain and stator resistance adaptation algorithm. The analysis of the proposed method is included. A presented stator resistance adaptation algorithm makes the observer robust to the parameter uncertainties. The performance is investigated and verified with experiments.



Rotor Speed And Position Observer For PMSM Sensorless Control System

Konrad Urbański, Krzysztof Zawirski
POZNAŃ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
Institute of Industrial Electrical Engineering
Piotrowo 3a, 61-138
Poznań, Poland
phone +48-61-6652386, fax +48-61-6652389
e-mail: zawirski@sol.put.poznan.pl
 
A problem of rotor speed and position detection for sensorless PMSM drive was analysed in the paper. The concept based on detecting back EMF, induced in the stator windings, was developed and modified. A general structure of observer, with more complex function of corrector than traditional one was introduced. On the base of this concept the observer with proportional-integral and sliding mode correction was proposed. Simulation as well as experimental results showed good properties of proposed observer structure.



A Speed Adaptive Kalman Filter Observer For Induction Motors

José L. Mora, A. Torralba, L. G. Franquelo
Dpto. de Ingeniería Electrónica de la Universidad de Sevilla
Escuela Superior de Ingenieros
Sevilla, Spain
email: mora@gte.esi.us.es
 
The extended Kalman filter has been applied extensively for speed and flux estimation in induction machines. The main drawback of this estimator is its complexity, and related to his, the high sample time needed for its implementation in a DSP, so the expected performance is greatly reduced.
This paper presents a linear Kalman filter for rotor flux observation with adaptive speed estimation that reduces the number of operations by a factor of 8.5 compared with the straightforward implementation of the extended Kalman filter.
This estimator and an indirect vector control algorithm has been implemented in a single DSP, allowing a sample time of only 50ms. The experimental results shows a great dynamic performance, low speed error and a good response in low speed operation.



Influence of Rotor Design on Sensorless Control for Induction Motors

Thomas M. Wolbank, Reinhard Wöhrnschimmel
Vienna University of Technology
Department of Electrical Machines and Drives
Gusshausstrasse 25/372, A-1040
Vienna, AUSTRIA
thomas.wolbank@tuwien.ac.at

Sensorless, field oriented control of standard induction motors at and near zero frequency can only be achieved by exploiting inherent saliencies. The two most prominent saliencies, which are usually exploited are caused by saturation and slotting, thus enable the detection of the main flux and the rotor position. The influence of these saliencies is not evident in normal operation of the drive. However, it can be detected with a high frequency or transient excitation caused by the inverter. Therefore, the high-frequency response is evaluated to obtain the control signal.
As the interaction of all saliencies may lead to a deterioration of the performance of the sensorless control algorithm in specific points of operation it is advantageous to exploit only one saliency trying to compensate the influence of the others. To facilitate this separation, different machine design parameters can be adjusted reference to the saliency which has to be suppressed.
This paper is focused on the influence of different rotor design parameters on the sensorless control signal. Measurements were performed reference to sensorless control and to the spatial distribution of the transient flux change measured with test coils placed at different areas of the machines.
To achieve this, differently designed machines have been manufactured, only influencing the saliencies present in standard induction machines.
In addition results obtained from simulations covering transient hysteresis effects are presented and compared to give a further insight into the transient electrical behaviour of induction machines.
The sensorless control scheme applied in this paper is based on a transient excitation of the machine. It detects local differences in the stator impedance of the machine caused by spatial saliencies by evaluating the transient current change due to voltage pulses applied to the terminals of the machine.



Sensorless speed control of slip-ring AC motor based on rotor voltage frequency estimation

Fetah Kolonić *, Tomislav Idžotić ***
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTING
Unska 3, Zagreb, Croatia, Tel./Fax. +(385 1) 6129-804 / 6129-705
Alojz Slutej **
ABB Automation Systems,
72167 Västerås, Sweden, phone:+46 21 340 528, fax:+46 21 240 290,
fetah.kolonic@fer.hr *
alojz.slutej@se.abb.com **
tomislav.idzotic@fer.hr ***

Sensorless speed control system with slip-ring AC motor is a highly developed, wellproven system for heavy duty tasks especially in the field of industrial cranes and another heavy duty material handling systems. In situations where there is no tachometer or incremental encoder as a speed feedback devices, actual speed information is realized via rotor voltage frequency estimation (RVFE). Using line frequency as a reference, the fundamental component of the rotor frequency gives the slip of the motor, which determines the speed in digital form.



Position Estimation for Sensorless Control of Hybrid Stepper Motors Including Zero Speed

Dipl.-Ing. Peter Aicher
Technische Universität München
Lehrstuhl für Feingerätebau und Mikrotechnik
Chair for precision engineering and micromechanics
Boltzmannstr. 15
85747 Garching, Germany
Tel./Fax.: ++49 (0)89 289-15187/-1512
aicher@fgb.mw.tum.de
http://www.fgb.mw.tum.de
 
A sensorless method for rotor position estimation of a hybrid stepper motor has been developed. Injecting a high frequency carrier voltage to track spatial inductance variations the method works at low speeds and at standstill. The influence of speed and load conditions on the estimation error is investigated.



Improved rotor position estimation for maximum torque/current control of PMSM drives
Stasi S., Salvatore L., Cupertino F.

POLITECNICO DI BARI
via E. Orabona 4
Bari, Italy
+39 080 5963258/+39 080 5963410
stasi@deemail.poliba.it
, salvatore@poliba.it, cupertino@ieee.org

 
This paper presents a novel PMSM sensorless control scheme. The observed rotor position is obtained from the active and reactive electromagnetic torque calculated in both the stationary a-b and rotor d-q reference frame. This observed rotor position is improved by the addition of a term, derived from the d-axis current controller voltage output, and used for the coordinate transformation. The further compensation of the global time-delay, introduced by the voltage-, current-filters, and inverter, has to be added to the estimated rotor position to calculate the current feedback signals and obtain maximum torque/current control of the drive. The original scheme guarantees a good field orientation even if parameter variations occur and/or initial rotor position is not exactly known.



Novel Hardware Current Controller for Sensorless INFORM-based Permanent Magnet Synchronous Drives

Robeischl Ewald, Schrödl Manfred IEEE, Kremsl Robert
Vienna University of Technology
Institute of Electrical Drives and Machines
Gusshausstrasse 25-29/E372
A-1040 Vienna
Austria
Tel.: +43/1/58801/37227; Fax.: +43/1/58801/37299
ewald.robeisch@tuwien.ac.at
e372@tuwien.ac.at
 
This paper presents a newly developed discrete-time hardware current controller based on DC-link current measurement. It is combined with a sensorless PMSM drive, which can be operated with highly dynamic properties in the full speed range including low speed and standstill.



Position Sensorless PMSM DTC-Drive for Industrial Applications

Markku Niemelä, Julius Luukko, Juha Pyrhönen
LAPPEENRANTA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
P.O.Box 20
FIN-53851 Lappeenranta
Lappeenranta, Finland
Tel. +358 5 621 11, Fax. +358 5 621 6799
Markku.Niemela@lut.fi

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) have become attractive to many variable speed industrial applications in medium and large power drives. In this paper a sensorless DTC-drive for a PMSM is presented. The principle of determination of the initial rotor position at start-up, the operation at zero speed and at low rotational speeds in general are described. Some of the results of the numerous experiments performed with a laboratory prototype drive are given.



DS3.5: Topic 6: Estimation techniques
(R. B. Inderka, RWTH - Aachen - ISEA, Germany)



Impact of Iron Loss on Direct Torque Control of Induction Machines and its Compensation

E.Levi, T.Pham-Dinh,
LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY
School of Engineering, Byrom St
Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
Tel: +(44-151) 231 2257, Fax: +(44-151) 298 2624
e-mail: e.levi@livjm.ac.uk

General theory of electrical machines neglects the existence of the iron loss. As a consequence, all the high performance control schemes are characterised with certain amount of detuning, caused by the iron loss. Impact of iron loss on operation of field oriented induction machines has been recently subjected to detailed scrutiny and appropriate methods of iron loss compensation have been developed. As far as direct toque control (DTC) of induction machines is concerned, it appears that a corresponding study has never been done. This paper discusses two aspects related to the problem of iron loss in DTC of induction machines: detuning effects and means for compensation. A detailed simulation study is at first performed and the influence of iron loss on accuracy of the DTC scheme is evaluated. It is shown that the net consequence of the iron loss existence is a difference between the torque reference and the average motor output torque, that may be substantial. On the other hand, accuracy of stator flux magnitude and position estimation, being based on stator voltage and current measurement, is not affected by the iron loss existence. On the basis of the results of the detuning study, an iron loss compensation method is developed. The method can be used in an extremely simple form for a variety of induction machines, that consists of deduction of a constant, iron loss related, torque component from the initial torque estimate



Comparative Evaluation of Flux Observers in a High Performance Drives Testbed

Eric A. Carter, Alberto Bellini*, Dustin Murdock, and Robert D. Lorenz
University of Wisconsin - Madison
1513 University Avenue
Madison, WI 53706 USA
ecarter@students.wisc.edu
damurco@students.wisc.edu
lorenz@engr.wisc.edu

*University of Parma
Parco Area delle Scienze, 181/A, ITALY
+39 0521 905831/+39 0522 905822
bellini@ee.unipr.it


This paper presents a comparative evaluation of flux observers for state-of-the-art, direct field oriented induction machine drives. The implementation is part of the development of a high performance drive testbed. Included in the full paper is the development of the overall testbed layout, test and measurement systems embedded in the testbed, as well as the control topology.



FUZZY LOGIC BASED GAINS determination of induction motor flux observers

F. Berthereau*, B. Robyns*, J.P. Hautier¨
*
¨Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique et d'Electronique de Puissance (L2EP)
*
Ecole des Hautes Etudes Industrielles - 13, rue de Toul, F-59046 Lille Cedex, France
E-mail: benoit.robyns@hei.fr
Tel.:++.33.3.28.38.48.58 - Fax.:++.33.3.28.38.48.04

¨
E.N.S.A.M. - 8, boulevard Louis XIV, F-59046 Lille Cedex, France

It is proposed in this paper a method to compute gains of induction motor flux observers, based on fuzzy logic associated to a theoretical sensitivity analysis. The theoretical analysis, taking the magnetic saturation into account, allows to study the observer sensitivity to all parameter uncertainties. The fuzzy logic associated to the theoretical analysis allows to determine observer gains which optimize together dynamics and sensitivity criteria. Although the theoretical sensitivity analysis may be developed for observers in any reference frame, the proposed method is applied in this paper respectively to a reduced and a full order flux observers based on the Park model in the stator reference frame only. The proposed method is validated by experiments on a 750W induction motor.



A Self-Organizing Neuro-Fuzzy Speed Estimator for DC Motor Drives

D.Kukolj E. Levi
UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD
Faculty of Technical Sciences, Fruskogorska
21000 Novi Sad, Yugolsavia
Tel: 381 21 58 165, Fax: 381 21 350 610
e-mail: kukolj@uns.ns.ac.yu
LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIV.
School of Engineering, Byrom St
Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
Tel: 44 151 231 2257, Fax: 44 151 298 2624
e-mail: e.levi@livjm.ac.uk
 
The paper deals with an application of a self-organising Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy rule-based model, combined with a feed-forward neural network, as a speed estimator for separetely excited DC motor drives. The proposed speed estimator is characterised with moderate computational requirements and with a simple knowledge base. These features have enabled implementation of the speed estimator in a low-cost 20-bit MASC 3500 digital signal processor. The implemented speed estimator was tested for a variety of operating conditions and a very satisfactory accuracy was achieved.



New Dead-time Compensation using Disturbance Observer
in a Vector Controlled PM Synchronous Motor Drive
 
Hyun-Soo Kim, Hyung-Tae Moon, and Myung-Joong Youn
Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
373-1 Kusong-Dong, Yusong-Gu, Taejon 305-701, Korea
Phone : 82-42-869-3422, Fax : 82-42-869-3410
E-mail : mmyoun@ee.kaist.ac.kr
 
A new on-line dead-time compensation method for a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor drive is proposed. Using a simple disturbance observer without any additional circuits and off-line experimental measurements, disturbance voltages in the synchronous reference dq frame caused by the dead time and non-ideal switching characteristics of power devices are estimated in an on-line manner and fed to voltage references in order to compensate the dead-time effects. The proposed method is applied to a PM synchronous motor drive system and implemented by using software of a digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320C31. Experiments are carried out for this system and the results well demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.



Identification of the mechanical parameters in high performances drives

Armando Bellini — Stefano Bifaretti — Stefano Costantini
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”
Via di Tor Vergata 110, 00133 ROMA (Italy)
Tel. +390672597364, Fax +39062020519,
e-mail bellini@ing.uniroma2.it
http://www.eln.uniroma2.it/webelind/

In high performance drives it is important to have a rapid and precise control of the motor rotation speed. To this aim a clean measure of the speed is necessary to have; it is useful to identify the load parameters so to increase the sturdiness of the system and, eventually, proceed to a self-tuning of the speed regulator. This paper proposes to employ a parameter estimator composed by a Steady State Kalman Filter (SSKF) that furnishes dynamic variables (speed and acceleration), and by a Recursive Least Square algorithm (RLS) that provides the load parameter.



A reduced order kalman observer for induction motor flux estimation

Armando Bellini — Stefano Bifaretti – Stefano Costantini
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"
Via di Tor Vergata 110, 00133 ROMA (Italy)
Tel. +390672597364, Fax +39062020519,
e-mail bellini@ing.uniroma2.it
http://www.eln.uniroma2.it/webelind/

Many field oriented induction motor drives use a state observer to determine the components of the rotor flux representative vector. To this aim, different kinds of observers, based on deterministic or stochastic models, are used. The employment of a stochastic observer needs much more math operations; therefore its implementation on a microcomputer-based control circuit requires suitable simplifications. The paper presents a new reduced order stochastic observer, whose implementation requires a number of math operations that can be easily on line performed by recent microprocessors.



Adaptation of Vector Control of Induction Motor for Rotor Time Constant Variation

Petr Palacky, Pavel Brandstetter
VSB-Technical University of Ostrava
17.listopadu 15, Depart. 448
Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
tel.: +420-69-6994287, fax: +420-69-6994050
email: petr.palacky@vsb.cz
 
The range of controlled electrical drives is greatly expanded by the transition to A.C. motors. Control in a moving reference frame, such as field orientation, presents a unifying principle for the design of high dynamic performance drives. The main problem of the vector control in the field co-ordinates of motor is the separation of torque and flux control circuits without mutually influencing. For this purpose the knowledge of the value and position of the rotor flux vector is necessary. Parameters of the machine are not constant. Especially the stator and rotor resistances are varied in dependence on the changing temperature of the motor. In this paper is presented the rotor time constant adaptation method.



Luenberger Observer for High Speed Induction Machine Drives based on a New Pole Placement Method

G.Griva, P.Ferraris, F.Profumo, R.Bojoi
Politecnico di Torino, Dip. Ing. Elettrica Ind.le,
c.so Duca degli Abruzzi No. 24
10129, Torino, Italy
Tel: +39-011-564.7159, Fax: +39-011-564.7199
email: grivag@athena.polito.it

R.Maceratini, G.Barba
FIAT R&D Center
Orbassano, Italy

The Luenberger Observer is one of the most attractive solutions to estimate the magnetic flux in Induction Machine Drives. In fact, it is possible to obtain a speed estimation for “sensorless” vector control with a simple modification of the algorithm.
Nevertheless, when high operation speeds are needed, the discrete-time implementation requires a considerable computational effort because of the speed-dependent continuous-time model.
This paper presents a new method to calculate the feedback gain matrix which generalizes a well known result and can guarantee stability of the observer over a wide speed range. The accuracy can be further improved by a simplified second-order approximation in the discrete-time rotor equations. The overall computational cost is very low and it is comparable to a first-order approximation.



Measurement and Estimation of the Multivariable Frequency Response Functions of Synchronous Machines

N. Dedene*, R. Pintelon* and Ph. Lataire**

*
Department ELEC, **Department ETEC
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL
Pleinlaan 02, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Phone: (+32-2)6292946, Fax: (+32-2)6292850
E-mail: Nele.Dedene@vub.ac.be

This paper presents a multiple-input multiple-output method for the measurement and identification of the d-axis impedance functions of synchronous machines. The proposed procedures are tested at different saturation levels on a 130kVA salient pole synchronous machine. The standstill frequency response estimated main inductances are compared to the no-load open-circuit characteristic.



Sensorless control system of double fed induction machine with predictive current controller

*#Krzeminski Z., "Popenda A., #Melcer M., *Ladach P.
*
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK
U
l. Sobieskiego 7,  80-952 Gdansk, POLAND
Tel.: +48 58 3472348  Fax: +48 58 3410880  E-mail: zkrzem@ely.pg.gda.pl
"
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CZESTOCHOWA
Al. Armii Krajowej 17, 42-200 Czestochowa, POLAND
Tel.: +48 34 3250840  Fax : +48 34 3250822  E-mail: popenda@el.pcz.czest.pl
#
ELECTROTECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Ul. Narwicka 1, 80-557 Gdansk, POLAND
Tel.: +48 58 3431291  Fax: E-mail: zbigniew.krzeminski@iel.gda.pl

A control system for the double fed induction machine is presented in the paper. The measurement of the rotor position angle is avoided in the proposed system because of application of phase locked loop for synchronization of rotor current with stator voltage. Two cases of the rotor current control are considered: the first one is the independent control of the rotor current components by hysteresis controllers in a three-phase system, and the second one is the control using predictive current controller. The control systems for the double fed machine have been investigated by simulations and experimentally and their properties are compared.



Sensorless Speed Detection of Induction Machines Using Wavelet Decomposition
 
Aleksandar Obradovic, Momir Djurovic, Gojko Joksimovic
Elektrotehnicki fakultet, University of Montenegro,
Cetinjski put bb
81000 Podgorica, Yugoslavia
Phone/Fax: +381-81-245839 / +381-81-245873
E-mail: momirdj@cg.ac.yu

By using the Wavelet decomposition in time domain and the measurements of the stator current one can determine the speed of induction machines without having any sensor. The use of the Wavelet decomposition eliminates some disadvantages, which are brought in calculations using STFT. It has produced results in shorter time for the same accuracy.



Estimation of Induction Motor Variables based on ANN Utilising Apriori Information

Jaroslava Žilková, Jaroslav Timko, Viliam Fedák
Technical University of Košice
Letná 9, 042 00 Košice
Košice, Slovak Republic
tel.:+421-55-602 2278 / fax: +421-55-602 2277
e-mail:  zilka@tuke.sk
            timkoj@tuke.sk
            fedakv@tuke.sk

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is utilised in estimator for system variables identification. Using ANN approach the induction motor rotor flux observer has been developed. The method of estimation of rotor flux is based on feedforward on-line learning ANN. Obtained results show good performance both in steady and transient states of the developed observer. The estimator is robust against variances of the rotor resistance.



A Radial Force Estimation with Search Coil Fluxes in a Bearingless Induction Motor driven by Multi Inverters

Koji Kiryu*, Akira Chiba* and Tadashi Fukao**
*Department of Electrical Engineering,
 Faculty of Science and Technology, Science University of Tokyo,
2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan 278-8510.
 Tel.+81(471)24-1501 Ext.3700
Email:chiba@ee.noda.sut.ac.jp
 **Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering,
Musashi Institute of Technology
 1-28-1 Tamazutsumi Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Tel.+81(3)3703-3111 Ext.3933
Email:tfukao@me.musashi-tech.ac.jp


In this paper, a principle of radial force estimation based on the induced voltage in search coils is shown. The proposed method is applied to a test machine. It is confirmed that the estimated radial force is corresponding to the generated radial force in both static and dynamic tests.



A Self-Organizing Neuro-Fuzzy Speed Estimator for DC Motor Drives

D.Kukolj E. Levi
UNIVERSITY OF NOVI SAD
Faculty of Technical Sciences, Fruskogorska
21000 Novi Sad, Yugolsavia
Tel: 381 21 58 165, Fax: 381 21 350 610
e-mail: kukolj@uns.ns.ac.yu
LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIV.
School of Engineering, Byrom St
Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
Tel: 44 151 231 2257, Fax: 44 151 298 2624
e-mail: e.levi@livjm.ac.uk

The paper deals with an application of a self-organising Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy rule-based model, combined with a feed-forward neural network, as a speed estimator for separetely excited DC motor drives. The proposed speed estimator is characterised with moderate computational requirements and with a simple knowledge base. These features have enabled implementation of the speed estimator in a low-cost 20-bit MASC 3500 digital signal processor. The implemented speed estimator was tested for a variety of operating conditions and a very satisfactory accuracy was achieved.



DS3.6: Topic 6: Design and diagnostic
(M. Fasching, Siemens, Austria)


Effect of Load on Acoustic Noise Radiated from PWM Controlled Induction Machines

Z.Q. Zhu, L. Xu, D. Howe
University of Sheffield
Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering,
Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
Tel: +44-114-2225195, Fax: +44-114-2225196
E-Mail: Z.Q.ZHU@SHEFFIELD.AC.UK
 
The paper systematically reports theoretical and experimental investigations of the effect of load conditions on the acoustic noise radiated by PWM controlled induction machines. The current and noise spectra, as well as the sound pressure level, are measured and analysed as both switching frequency and load are varied. The origins of the noise sources on load were identified, particularly those due to the interaction of permeance field harmonics and mmf field harmonics associated with current harmonics, and the measured noise frequencies are compared with theoretical predictions.



Rotor Cage Fault Diagnosis in Operating Three-Phase Induction Motors, Under the Presence of Time-Varying Loads

S. M. A. Cruz A., J. Marques Cardoso
UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA
Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica, Pَlo II – Pinhal Marrocos
Coimbra, Portugal
Telef: + 351 239 796200 / Fax: + 351 239 796247
smacruz@ieee.org, ajmcardoso@ieee.org

This paper deals with the use of the synchronous reference frame current Park’s Vector Approach in the diagnosis of rotor cage faults in three-phase induction motors, under the presence of time-varying loads. An analytical study, based on the d-q model of the induction motor is presented, showing how the occurrence of abrupt changes in the motor load torque affect quantities like the d-q axis components and the spectrum of the motor supply current, among others, emphasizing its implications in the diagnosis of rotor faults in operating three-phase induction motors. Several simulated and experimental results have shown that the current spectral components produced by the occurrence of rotor faults can easily be indistinguishable from the ones introduced by time-varying loads. On the other hand, the synchronous reference frame current Park’s Vector representation allow us to dissociate the effects produced by the presence of rotor faults from the ones originated by the mechanical load of the motor, thus allowing the diagnosis of rotor faults in a motor coupled to any kind of mechanical load.



Influence ofLoad Torque on RotorAsymmetry Effects in Squirrel Cage Induction Machines Including Detection by Means of the Vienna Monitoring Method
 
C.Kral,F.Pirker,G.Pascoli
Arsenal Research
Faradaygasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
fax: +43—50550—6595
email: kral.c@arsenal.ac.at
http://www.arsenal.ac.at

The aim of this contribution is the investigation of the influence of load torque on rotor fault specific effects. An asymmetric rotor cage causes sideband currents and shaft torque modulations which depend on the actual load state. In general, these are well known phenomenas. While their frequencies moves with the actual slip, amplitudes and phase angles show non linear dependencies. These dependencies will be investigated and analyzed. Simulation and measurement results are presented.
This paper deals with the Vienna Monitoring Method (VMM), too. The VMM is based on the comparison of calculated torque values which are obtained from two different mathematical machine models. The impact of load torque on the VMM will be investigated.



Single Stator Double Rotor Machine with independent controllable shafts
based on the DUOMOTOR® principle

 

Manfred Schrödl, Stephan Ojak, Wolfgang Zukrigl
Vienna University of Technology,
Institute of Electrical Drives and Machines
Gusshausstrasse 25-29,
A-1040 Vienna, Austria
Phone: + 43-1-58801-37201,
Fax: +43-1-58801-37299
manfred.schroedl@tuwien.ac.at,
stephan.ojak@tuwien.ac.at,
wolfgang_zukrigl@hotmail.com
http://www.ieam.tuwien.ac.at

This paper introduces a machine based on the DUOMOTOR® principle, consisting of one stator and two rotors. These rotors are beared uniliteral and can be controlled independently of each other. The paper starts with a mathematical model of this new kind of machine and presents its control structure, which is based on a digital signal processor system. The processor system reads all the necessary machine parameters and controls the inverter, which switches the electrical power for the DUOMOTOR® machine.



 Failure analysis of an electrical drive system with a transverse flux machine (TFM)

R. Jager1, G. Dupain2, S.W.H. de Haan1
1 DELFT UNIVERSITY of TECHNOLOGY  &  2  ALSTOM Traxis
Mekelweg 4
2628 CD Delft, Netherlands
Phone +31152786239/Fax+31152782968
s.w.hdehaan@its.tudelft.nl

As part of a design procedure for an electrical drive system with a transverse flux machine (TFM) a failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) has been carried out. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the hazardous effect of certain failures and to develop methods to prevent hazardous effects. The analysis shows that all failure modes of the drive system can be prevented. Two preventive measures, for an over voltage at the terminals of the machine and an overcurrent in the inverter, are simulated using a non-linear model of the machine. The parameters for the model have been obtained from measurement of an available TFM. The model has been verified with an experimental drive system with TFM The simulation shows that the machine is protected against the failure modes.



DS3.7: Topic 6: Modelling and simulation
(K. M. Abbott, Alstom T&D, UK)


Dynamic Modeling of Brushless DC Motor Drives

B. K. Lee
Student Member, IEEE
Texas A&M University
Dept. of Electrical Engineering

B. Fahimi*
Member, IEEE

M. Ehsani
Fellow, IEEE

College Station, TX 77843-3128, U.S.A
Phone: +1-979-845-7582/Fax: +1-979-862-1976
E-mail: ehsani@ee.tamu.edu
http://ee.tamu.edu/~ehsani
*Electro Standards Laboratories
36 Western Industrial Drive, Cranston, RI 02921
Phone: +1-401-943-1164/Fax: +1-401-946-5790
 
A dynamic simulation model for the brushless dc (BLDC) motor drives using Matlab is presented. In this model, an entire BLDC motor drive, including power conversion unit, BLDC motor, and speed/torque control system, is investigated. Especially, the PWM inverter is modeled using switching function concept, so that the detailed voltage and current waveforms, such as line-to-line voltages, inverter input current, ac line current, and switch/diode currents, can be obtained and average/rms ratings of the components can be easily calculated. Also, the proposed model is made into modular blocks and it can be easily extended to other ac motor applications with a little modification. The detailed modeling method is explained and its actual implementation is described. The validity of the proposed model is verified by various simulation results.



Harmonic Interaction of Active-Front-End Three-Level Inverters
operating in a weak network with long cables

J. Pontt, M. Braun (*), A. Orellana
UNIVERSIDAD TECNICA FEDERICO SANTA MARIA
Electronics Department.
Casilla 110-V, Valparaيso, Chile.
Tel: (+56)-32-654554, Fax: (+56)-32-797468
jpo@elo.utfsm.cl
(*) UNIVERSITؤT KARLSRUHE (TH)
Elektrotechnisches Institut
D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
 
The analysis of the harmonic Interaction of Active-Front-End PWM Three-Level inverters concerning
the operation in regenerative mode within a weak network with long cables is presented. For an actual mineral processing application in the Megawatt range, the need of harmonic filters is demonstrated for meeting the standard IEEE-519-92.



A Novel Beatless Control for Power Converter Systems Used in AC Electric Cars.
 
Satoru Inarida Tokunosuke Tanamachi Kiyoshi Nakata
Hitachi, Ltd.
1070 Ichige, Hitachinaka-shi Ibaraki-ken, Japan
Tel +81-29-276-6663 Fax +81-29-276-3149
e-mail st-inarida@em.mito.hitachi.co.jp

In power converter systems for AC electric cars, the DC link voltage contains a ripple component because of the single-phase voltage source. Therefore, a beat phenomenon of the motor current occurs, which causes torque ripple and a howling noise of the motor. A solution to this problem is use of an additional series resonant filter at the DC link. However, addition of another component is an obstacle to making the power converter system smaller and lighter. This paper proposes a novel beatless control, based on the frequency modulation and vector control, which can effectively suppress the beat phenomenon without using an additional resonant filter at DC link. Effectiveness of the control is demonstrated with simulation and experimental results.



Direct Modulation of Electrical Conversions for a Multilevel Chopper

 

François B.1, Saudemont C.2, Fadel M.3
1
Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique et d'Electronique de Puissance de Lille (L2EP)
E.C. Lille, Cité Scientifique BP 48,  59651 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
tel: 3 20 33 54 59, fax: 3 20 33 54 54,
e_mail: bruno.francois@ec-lille.fr
2
E.S.I.E.E., Amiens, 14, quai de la Somme, BP 100, 80083 AMIENS Cedex 2, France
3
Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique et d'Electronique Industrielle (LEEI),
Unité Mixte de Recherche I.N.P.T.-E.N.S.E.E.I.H.T. / C.N.R.S.
B.P. 7122, 2 Rue Camichel, 31071 Toulouse Cedex 7, France

In this paper the methodology of the Causal Ordered Graph (COG) is used for the modelling of a flying capacitor cell chopper. The issues of this study is a best understanding of the operating of this particular converter in order to obtain a more precise design of the control system. The obtained modelling shows that high-voltage multi levels are obtained by combination of two different three-level functions (conversion functions). Therefore a novel PWM strategy is deduced. It consists of separating the modulation period for creating two fictive modulated voltages via the direct width modulation and the position setting of both conversion functions. Therefore, the durations of electrical conversions can be precisely calculated and directly processed by modulators. The redundancy of the different switches configurations for the voltage half value allows to use a particular modulation technique which limits the deviations of the half-value voltage. Switching patterns are deduced and a decoupling control of the capacitor voltage and the supply current is designed.



Simulation of Power Electronics Systems using “Simunet”: The new Power electronics toolbox for “Simulink/Matlab”

Samir Salama
University of Applied Sciences
 Josef-Gockeln-Str. 9
D-40474 Duesseldorf, Germany
+49(0)211 4351 314
samir.salama@fh-duesseldorf.de

This paper describes a new power electronics toolbox Simunet designed to be used with Matlab/Simulink® from the MathWorks Inc.
Examples of application of Simunet in the Simulink environment are given and the performance of Simunet is compared with that of Power System Blockset from the MathWork.
Simunet convinces enormously in the following fields:
· Faster simulation speed: more than an order of magnitude
· Lower size of data file: less than 10%
· Higher accuracy of the simulation results



Adaptive derivation of inter-harmonics in variable speed drives

J. Arrillaga, G. N. Bathurst and N. R. Watson
UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Christchurch, New Zealand
Telephone: +64-3-3642-867 Fax: +64-3-3642-761
n.watson@elec.canterbury.ac.nz
http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz
 
The calculation of interharmonics produced by a Variable Speed Drive is performed over a range of operating points using an Iterative Harmonic Analysis technique. The variation of the sideband frequencies and magnitudes with motor operating point are obtained. Also discussed is the effect of different dc link inductor sizes on the interharmonic magnitudes. The method used is shown to be fast and robust while producing reliable information.



A Versatile Model of Squirrel Cage Induction Machines for Design, Monitoring and Diagnosis Purposes

V. Devanneaux H. Kabbaj B. Dagues J. Faucher
Laboratoire d’Electrotechnique et d’Electronique Industrielle
Unité Mixte de Recherche INPT – ENSEEIHT/CNRS
BP7122 – 2, rue Charles Camichel
31071 TOULOUSE Cedex 7 – FRANCE
Tel. : 33-5-61-58-83-61 – Fax : 33-5-61-63-88-75
Vincent.Devanneaux@leei.enseeiht.fr
http://www.leei.enseeiht.fr

A versatile and accurate transient model of squirrel cage induction machines is presented. A coupled magnetic circuits approach is used and very few restrictive assumptions are made. All parameters are calculated from the actual geometry and winding layout of the machines rather than from transformed or equivalent variables, making this model suitable for design, monitoring and diagnosis purposes.
The detailed depiction of the procedure needed to implement such a versatile model with simulation results is the subject of this paper.



Modeling the Cable Oscillations in the Inverter Fed AC-machines

Antti Tarkiainen, Juha Pyrhönen
Lappeenranta University of Technology
P.O.Box 20
FIN-53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
Tel. +385 5 621 11, Fax. +358 5 621 6799
Antti.Tarkiainen@lut.fi
http://www.ee.lut.fi

The objective of the paper is to present a model of an induction motor that takes a feeder cable in to account. The feeder cable is modeled using two different transmission line models. The voltage reflections in a long feeder cable of a PWM inverter fed motor produce cable oscillation that can interfere with the control system of the motor. The presented model of an induction motor and a feeder cable is fast enough to simulate that it can be used to study the effect of the cable oscillation on the motor control system.



Simulation of temperature distribution in the induction machine

P. Gnacinski
Gdynia Maritime Academy
Department of Marine Electrical Power Engineering
Morska Str. 83
81-225 Gdynia, Poland
tel. +48.58.6289440/fax +48.58.6217353
Piotrg@wsm.gdynia.pl.
 
Temperature distribution in electrical machines is usually simulated by the methods of finite elements and thermal schemes. The method of finite elements enables to obtain very detailed temperature distribution in the machine, although for many applications, it is enough to calculate only one or a few most important temperatures in the machine. If one needs to know only simplified temperature distribution or high speed of calculation is required (for example on-line simulation), the method of thermal schemes is suitable.
Thermal schemes differ from each other depending on details of construction of machines as well as on assumed simplification. This paper deals with to comparison of the accuracy of two thermal models: simplified one and comparatively more extended. Results of measurement and computer simulation are presented for 3 kW 1415 rpm total-enclosed induction cage machine.



Off-line Parameter Identification Methods of a Sensorless controlled Induction Machine used in a high efficiency low-cost traction drive

Peter PICHLER, Peter Ebner, Helmut WEISS
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Leoben
Franz-Josef-Straße 18
A-8700 Leoben, Austria
Tel.: 0043-3842-402312
Fax : 0043-3842-402318
Peter.Pichler@notes.unileoben.ac.at

Sensorless control of a PWM inverter fed induction machine yielding a robust, optimally designed traction drive incorporating high starting torque as well as a wide speed range is realised by an extended non-linear machine model. Machine parameter determination variants are compared with measured data. A motor dimensioning procedure is developed.



DS3.8: Topic 11: System engineering I
(S. Colombi, IMV Invertomatic Tech. SA,
Switzerland)

 

New Methods to Suppress EMI Noises in the Motor Drive System
 
Nobuyoshi Mutoh*, Mitsukatsu Ogata, Kayhan Gulez, and Fumio Harashima
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology
6-6, Asahigaoka, Hinoshi-shi, Tokyo, 191-0065, Japan
*Tel: +81-42-585-8645, Fax: +81-42-583-5119
*E-mail: nmutoh@cc.tmit.ac.jp

New methods are studied that can suppress EMI noises, especially common mode currents produced in the motor drive system. One is a packaging technique that forms power converters using a four-layer printed power circuit board. The other is a method based on the generation mechanism of common mode currents which was developed from experimental analyses. It is proved by experiments that the former can effectively control common mode currents, including radiated emissions, and the latter can suppress them without any compensators between the inverter and the motor



Analysis of Mis-operation Caused by EMI in Power Electronic Equipment

Dehong Liu, Jianguo Jiang, Zhengming Zhao
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084
Beijing, CHINA
Tel: +86-10-62773010 / Fax: +86-10-62783057
Email:   dh-liu@mail.eea.tsinghua.edu.cn
            jjg@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

Mis-operation caused by EMI in power electronic equipment is a troublesome problem that often occurs during design and operation process. This paper is mainly focused on EMI sources, propagation characteristics, and suppression schemes in power electronic equipment. As an example, disturbances in the control circuit of a 6kW charger with a mis-operation fault are measured. The EMI caused by switching device IGBT in the main circuit and driving pulses in the control circuit are compared. Then by a system function approach, the high pass characteristic of EMI coupling path from the main circuit to the control circuit board is analyzed. Using the system function, EMI in the control circuit caused by the IGBT is predicted. To diagnose the mis-operation in the control circuit, susceptibilities of several digital logic integrated circuits(ICs) to pulse like EMI, and suppression schemes are studied through experiments. As a result, mis-operation in the control circuit of the charger is eliminated.



Determining of high fequency (HF) common mode (CM) model impedance parameters with ANN (artifical neural networks) from EMI emissions

Kayhan Gulez 1 , Nobuyoshi Mutoh 1 , Fumio Harashima 1 , Kouhei Ohnishi 2
Mehmet Uzunoglu 3
1 Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering
6-6 Asahigaoka Hino-Shi, 191-0065, Tokyo, JAPAN, Tel/Fax: +81 42 585 8645
2 Keio University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Depart. of System Design Engineering,
3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, 223-8522 Yokohama, JAPAN
3 Yildiz Technical University, Electrical-Electronics Faculty, Electrical Engineering
Department, 80750 Besiktas, Istanbul, TURKEY, Fax: +90 212 2594967
E-mails: kgulez@cc.tmit.ac.jp, nmutoh@cc.tmit.ac.jp, f.harashima@tmit.ac.jp,
ohnishi@sd.keio.ac.jp, uzunoglu@yildiz.edu.tr
 
Predicting and solving EMI emissions related to Common Mode (CM) ones in inverter (also, in pulse with modulation (PWM) inverter)-induction motor drive systems requires various frequency-dependent effects to be considered. Thus, the application of filter circuitry to increase the performance per size and prevent dependency on some parameters of the motor for Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) filter is considered. The major problems are power line frequency rejection and the compensation of the feedback loop, which is influenced by the wide-ranging utility impedance.
Thus, the proposed method allows another way to determine High Frequency (HF) Common Mode (CM) impedance components as a beginning way and sample on the application stage of EMI filter to prevent the EMI noise applying to the conducted electromagnetic emissions generally caused by power supply firstly, then secondly to Common Mode (CM) path of the motor drive system.



Optimisation of the volume of a PFC Flyback structure under EMC and loss constraints

Chérif LAROUCI, Jean-Paul FERRIEUX, Laurent GERBAUD, James ROUDET
Laboratoire d’Electrotechnique de Grenoble, CNRS UMR 5529 INPG/UJF
ENSIEG BP 46, 38402 St Martin d’Hères cedex, France
Tel: 33 (0)4 76 82 64 39, Fax: 33 (0)4 76 82 63 00
Larouci@leg.ensieg.inpg.fr

This paper presents a sizing and optimisation procedure of a Flyback structure used in Power Factor Correction (PFC) mode. The optimisation aim is to get the passive component optimal volume, to respect EMC standards and to minimise the whole losses in the structure. To avoid time-domain simulation, analytical models of the Flyback structure are developed and used to carry out an optimisation process. The robustness of two software algorithms is tested and different optimisation results are presented.



Investigation of Phenomena in the System Voltage Inverter – Cable – Induction Motor

Zdeněk Peroutka, Václav Kůs
Department of Power Electronics and Control Engineering, University of West Bohemia
Univerzitni 8
Plzen, Czech Republic
Tel.: +420 19 7236881, Fax: +420 19 7225320
Email: pero@kve.zcu.cz, kus@kve.zcu.cz
http://www.fel.zcu.cz/kve

The paper deals with investigation of adverse effects in the system voltage inverter – cable – induction motor. Very important part of analysis is a model of the motor, especially determination of motor capacitances. Several representations (one-phase and three-phase) of the motor and the cable suitable for determination of motor transient overvoltage have been proposed. Factors contributing to a motor overvoltage are described. Influence of cable length, du/dt (rise time tON) of voltage pulses and motor characteristics is investigated. The results are compared with data obtained from a lot of experiments and simulations.



FDTD Based Analysis of Heat Sink Effects in SMPS Circuits

Gordana Felic
Department of electrical and Electronic Engineering
The University of Melbourne
Melbourne, Australia
613 834 46713
g.felic@ee.mu.oz.au

Rob Evans
Department of electrical and Electronic Engineering
The University of Melbourne
Melbourne, Australia
613 834 46713
r.evans@ee.mu.oz.au

EMC is an integral part of Switched Mode Power Supply design. An optimal SMPS could be considered as one, which achieves the best possible compromise between power losses and EMI disturbances, both of which are directly related to the switching speed of the power devices. Thus the process of finding an acceptable switching speed becomes a critical part of the design process. This paper considers heat sink aspects of this power-loss/EMI trade-off.



Ground Interconnections Optimal Topology for DC Power Supplies
 

Daniela Dragomirescu1, Ovidiu Dragomirescu2

1LAAS-CNRS, 7,Av. du Colonel Roche, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France

e-mail: daniela@laas.fr URL: http://www.laas.fr/~daniela

2Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 77206 Bucharest, Romania

e-mail: dragomir@messnet.pub.ro

This paper provides an analysis of ground noise coupling problem for DC power supplies. Due to interconnection topology, electromagnetic compatibility problems occur between the different stages of power supplies, leading to high output voltage ripple, system oscillations or modifications of the designed system parameters. The ground interconnection optimal topology and the methodology to obtain it are given.



Switching cell analyse as main EMC sources in Power Electronic.

Corinne Duloung, Michel Bensoam, Dominique Lafore
CEGEMA-ESIM, Centre of Micro-Electronic and Systems
13 451 Marseille cedex 20
France
Phone 33/(0)4.91.05.44.55 Fax 33/(0)4.91.05.45.65
E-mail: duloung@esim.imt-mrs.fr

Power electronic equipment’s EMC performances are very difficult to analyse. This paper focusing on main sources of EMC disturbances: the switching cell. We present an hybrid method able to characterise EMC’s switching sources, using current and voltage waveforms and associated signal processing.



Common Mode EMI Prediction for Three-phase Inverter

David González, Josep Balcells, Javier Gago, Manel Lamich
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT. UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE CATALUNYA
Campus de Terrassa. C/ Colon, 1 08222 Terrassa, Spain
Phone: 34 93 739 82 81 / Fax: 34 93 739 80 16
dgonzalez@eel.upc.es ; xgago@eel.upc.es ; balcells@eel.upc.es ; lamich@eel.upc.es
http://petrus.upc.es

In this paper a simplified mathematical model for the prediction of the conducted EMI generated by a three-phase inverter is presented. The model allows the prediction of disturbances that propagates to the DC bus and to the load, but special attention has been paid to the Common Mode (CM) current disturbances at the load side. The model, that is based on the frequency domain, identifies the source of disturbance and its propagation paths as well. The model is used to study an undesired effect that take place in the induction motor drives: the circulation of CM currents through the motor. These currents are the origin of many problems well described on the literature and many solutions have been proposed to fix the problem. In this paper, two different vector modulation techniques are used: the Classical Space Vector Modulation (CSVM) and the CM Reduction Space Vector Modulation (CMRSVM). The experimental results obtained from the experimental plant has been compared with those provided by the model in order to validate the model.



PCB diagnosis with high resolution HF magnetic probe

Javier Gago, David González, Josep Balcells
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT. UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE CATALUNYA
Campus de Terrassa: C/ Colon, 1
08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
Phone: 34 93 739 82 81 / Fax: 34 93 739 80 16
xgago@eel.upc.es ; dgonzalez@eel.upc.es ; balcells@eel.upc.es
http://petrus.upc.es

A near filed magnetic or electric sensor with high spatial resolution is needed to carry out EMI measurements on PCB in order to properly identify the components that behaves as disturbance sources. The magnetic probes commercially available are not suitable for this purpose: they have good accuracy and enough bandwidth but poor spatial resolution. To overcome this problem, a new magnetic field probe has been designed. This new sensor is described in this paper and provides a flat response up to 220MHz. A comparison of the experimental results of EMI measurements on a microprocessor board done with the new probe and with a commercial one are presented. These results shown that the new magnetic probe is suitable for identifying noisy components and the efficacy of corrective techniques like decoupling capacitors.



Side effects of LISN on EMI measurements in power converters

Balcells J. , González D., Gago J, Lamich M.
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Dept. Electronics Engineering
Colom, 1 , 08222, TERRASSA, Barcelona, Spain
Tel: +34 937398193 , Fax: +34 937398016
E-mail: balcells@eel.upc.es
http://petrus.upc.es
 
Several measurements were performed on a power converter to obtain a model which allowed the prediction of conducted EMI . The goal was to identify the relevant components and lay-out parameters influencing the EMI generation and transmission. Some of the measured disturbances could not be attributed to any real or parasitic component in the converter and finally, it was found that they came from the measuring set-up (namely from the standard LISN and the measuring through the high pass surge suppression filter, HPF). The introduction of real models for the measuring equipment in the simulation, allowed a precise coincidence between simulated and measured EMI and showed that the standard measuring equipment introduce some extra disturbances which are no present in the normal working conditions.



Evaluation and Prediction of Conducted Electromagnetic Interference Generated by High Power Density Inverters

E. Hoene, W. John, M. Michel, H. Reichl
Fraunhofer Institut for Reliability and Microintegration
Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25
13355 Berlin, Germany
hoene@izm.fhg.de
 
For the purpose of investigation of electro­magnetic interference mechanisms in power electronics, calculation and measurement methods to characterize sources and spreading paths of interference were presented. The methods were used to model a commercial converter for induction motors. In this investigation magnetic coupling between components and the properties of the electromagnetic environment are shown to be important for the propagation of interference in high power density devices. The results of EMI simulation were compared to measurements to prove the validity of the proposed methods and the models of the setup. The derived description of interference mechanisms allows a prediction of interference levels and efficiency of filter measures in a specific topology.



Integrated Design Approach for Medium Power Inverters
Optimized for EMC and Thermal Performance

M.Chiado Caponet, F.Profumo
Politecnico di Torino
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Industriale
C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24
10129 - Torino, Italy
Tel.: +39-011-564-7111
Fax: +39-011-564-7199
e-mail: profumo@polito.it

Today’s state of the art power electronics system require the design engineers to employ an integrated approach, utilizing IGBTs, heatsink, capacitors and gate driver circuits at their peak performance. While functionality is of course always important, the problem of manufacturability, cost and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) are elements that have to be kept into account.
In this paper the authors show how electromagnetic interference caused by power electronic circuits can be reduced by the minimization of the total inductance commutation loop of an inverter leg. At the same time special attention is due to the compactness of the inverter especially as regard to the heatsink and the thermal issues.
The goal is a proper design and construction of the inverter so tackling EMI directly at the source where most EMI is generated. In this way application of expensive EMI filters can be avoided. Moreover the analysis of the thermal behavior is showed.
In order to reach this goal a proper selection and design of the inverter parts have been made and implemented.
Specifically, a prototype of converter has been developed to reach the maximum reduction of the stray inductance commutation loop and the maximum compactness using the actual available technology.
Experimental results are given to show the validity of this approach.



Role of Busbar as Interconnection: Study of Current Sharing

M.Besacier, J.L.Schanen, J.Roudet
LABORATOIRE d’ELECTROTECHNIQUE de GRENOBLE, CNRS UMR 5529 INPG/UJF
BP 46, F – 38402 SMH Cedex
Grenoble, France
Phone: (33) 476826299 Fax: (33) 476826300
Maxime.Besacier@leg.ensieg.inpg.fr, Jean-Luc.Schanen@leg.ensieg.inpg.fr
http://www-leg.ensieg.inpg.fr/

Busbar structure is commonly used in power electronics applications, due to its low inductance. However, although its low impedance, the busbar geometry can sometimes lead to unbalanced current in paralleled components (power switches, capacitors...). This paper starts with the best way to provide an electrical equivalent scheme of this component. It will be shown that some coupled resistive effects influence current sharing, and must be taken into account in the modeling: an original method is given to account for this phenomenon in common circuit simulators. Some solutions to balance current with modification of busbar geometry is presented This method is applied to an industrial busbar. Experimental validation are brought, in frequency and time domain.



New indices to evaluate the quality of the power absorbed by a non-linear load

A. Dell'Aquila, M. Marinelli, V. Monopoli, P. Zanchetta
Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica - Politecnico di Bari
via E. Orabona 4, 70125 - Bari, Italy
Tel +39-080-596.3366 /3433 /3769 Fax +39-080-596.3410
dellaqui@poliba.it; marinelli@deemail.poliba.it;
monopoli@deemail.poliba.it; zanchetta@deemail.poliba.it
http
://www-dee.poliba.it

Power quality monitoring is a relatively recent problem but its complexity has been already proved. In fact, the propagation of the harmonic distortion has been affecting the electrical networks for several years, but it is recently assuming a growing importance because of the large diffusion of non-linear loads. Hi-fi, computer, discharge lamp, battery charge, UPS, electrical drive are typical distorting loads.
In this work two new indices to evaluate the quality of the power absorbed by a non-linear load have been proposed. They rely on voltage and current waveform measurements at the point of common coupling. Several simulations and experimental tests have been carried out and they have proved that these new indices are less sensitive to the network voltage conditions than the traditional ones.
They are able not only to give an estimate of the harmonic distortion of the current flowing in an electrical network, but they can also evaluate the responsibilities of distributors and customers.



EMI Interference Suppression in Symmetrical non-regulated Power Supply for High Immunity Audio Power Amplifier.
 
F.P. Ridao, J.M. Carrasco, and L.G. Franquelo.
Dpto. Ingeniería Electrónica.
Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de Sevilla.
Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092- Sevilla, SPAIN.
Tlf: +34-954487362, Fax: +34-954487373.
E-mail: carrasco@gte.esi.us.es

Different non-regulated symmetrical power supplies for audio power amplifier are presented in this work, where the conducted interference to the ac power grid, measured by a LISN, has been suppressed to the minimum. EMI measurements in different topologies have been compared in this paper. Also, several conventional EMI suppression components have been tested in these topologies in order to reduce EMI interference. As a result several rectifier circuits for main power supply with very low emissions are presented in this paper based on fast rectifier diodes.



Conducted electromagnetic interference propagation in power electronic converters with transformers

J. Luszcz, K. Iwan, J. Nieznanski
Technical University of Gdansk
Electrical and Control Engineering Department
ul.Narutowicza 11, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
tel. +48 58 347 2534 fax. +48 58 341 0880
jlusz@ely.pg.gda.pl, kiwan@ely.pg.gda.pl, jniez@ely.pg.gda.pl
 
The paper presents the results of research into the propagation of interference currents and voltages through two-winding pulse transformers. A novel circuit model of the high-frequency transformer is proposed and discussed. The model was developed expressly for the studies of interference generated by power electronic converters. It takes into account the stray capacitances inevitably existing in real transformer windings. The model has been validated by both simulation and experiments.



Control of 50Hz-16Hz2/3 inverter for 15kV railways network
 

Guillaume de Preville (*), Olivier Lapierre (**), Daniel Matuszak (**)

(*) Alstom Power Conversion,  610 Epsilon Drive Ridc North Park Pittsburgh PA 15238

Tel +1(412) 963 32 37 Fax +1(412)967 69 43

(**) Alstom Power Conversion, 3 Avenue des trois Chenes Belfort

Tel +33(0)3 85 55 18 79 Fax +33(0)3 84 55 19 49; 
Tel +33(0)3 85 55 16 99 Fax +33(0)3 84 55 19 49


Static Frequency Converters (SFC) are more and more used to supply the railways single phase grid 16Hz2/3 and 25Hz. This paper shows a two SFC realisation 15MVA 16.5kV 16Hz2/3 each for the Swedish railways transportation in 3 level GTO technology. Focus of this article is power control of the Static Frequency Converter, after a brief description of the equipment. The control of the SFC guarantees an appropriate operation at all possible states of the railway grid (i.e. single supply, parallel operation with rotating converter and others substations)



DS3.9: Topic 11: System Engineering II
A. Binder, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany)

 


Contactless inductive energy transmission systems with large air gap

Dr.-Ing. Rudolf Mecke
INSTITUT F. AUTOMATION U. KOMMUNIKATION MAGDEBURG
Steinfeldstraكe 3
D-39179 Barleben, Germany
Tel.: +49 39203 81054, Fax: +49 39203 81100
e-mail: rme@ifak.fhg.de
http://www.ifak.fhg.de

Contactless inductive energy transmission over a large air gap becomes more and more attractive for different applications. The paper investigates the influence of geometrical and electrical parameters on energy transmission of different contactless magnetic assemblies with air gaps of several centimetres. The investigations are carried out by means of flux simulation and measurements. Especially the dimensions of the primary and secondary system, the air gap lenght and the number of turns determine the transmission behaviour. The efficiency of contactless energy transmission systems is mainly influenced by the transmission frequency. In particular the efficiency of systems with a large air gap can be considerably improved by using higher transmission frequencies in the range of approximately 100 kHz. Therefore, a high frequency phase-shifted controlled IGBT-inverter is developed.



The influence of the non-linear ferrite characteristics on the attenuation of power line filters

P. Horst,  M. Albach
Lehrstuhl für Elektromagnetische Felder
Friedrich-Alexander-Universitنt
Cauerstr. 7
D – 91058 Erlangen, Germany
+49(0)9131 85 - 28952 (phone) / - 27787 (fax)
M.Albach@emf.e-technik.uni-erlangen.de

Based on a 6-pole description of mains filters a simultaneous analytical calculation of both common mode and differential mode attenuation is presented. This procedure takes into account the various parasitics of the components and also the complex impedance of the power supply. The conversion of dm-noise to cm-noise is easily predictable from the simulation. Furthermore the influence of the non-linear characteristics of the ferrite grades on the attenuation is investigated.



Broken rotor bar detection in electrical drive using electromagnetic high frequency signals

E.Charnal, G.Clerc, L.Nicolas
CEGELY
36 Avenue Guy de Collongues BP 163
69131 Ecully, France
04 72 18 61 05/04 78 43 37 17
emmanuel.charnal@eea.ec-lyon.fr
http://trotek05.trotek.ec-lyon.fr
 
In this paper, the electromagnetic radiations of an induction motor, driven by a PWM inverter, are analysed in order to obtain information for the detection of broken rotor bars. Significant variations of the electric and magnetic field spectrums between healthy rotor and rotor with broken bar are observed. The high-frequency spectral analysis of axial radiations provides a new method to detect broken rotor bars in a motor driven by a PWM inverter.



Bearing Current Pulse Rate in Standard PWM Drives
 

Adam Kempski*, Ryszard Strzelecki*, Robert Smoleński*, Jacek Bojarski**, Marius Klytta***

(*) INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ZIELONA GORA

ul. Podgórna 50, 65-246 Zielona Gora, Poland

phone: (+48)(0-68) 32-82-342, fax:(+48)(0-68)325 46 15

e-mail: a.kempski@iep.pz.zgora.pl

(**) INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ZIELONA GORA

e-mail: j.bojarski@im.pz.zgora.pl

(***) UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES GIESSEN-FRIEDBERG

Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany

phone: (0641) 309 19 30/ 19 00


This paper examines AC motor bearing currents (Electric Discharge Machining – EDM) resulting from a common mode (CM) voltage in a drives fed by PWM voltage source inverters. Subject literature of the problem of bearing currents has been primarily concerned with theoretical analysis of bearing current phenomena and possible mechanisms for bearing damage [1-4]. It has been rarely related to the quantitative results of the bearing currents appearance. However, it is a reasonable assumption that an amplitude and the number of EDM current pulses in a duty cycle are the most important rate–determining factors of premature bearing damage. In this paper we present the experimental results of the distribution of an amplitude and a rate of bearing current pulses. Parameters of the distribution have been also determined. They can be the basis of comparative analysis of influence of the CM current mitigation methods on the risk of electrically induced bearing damage. Especially, we focus on the improved systems with a CM choke and a CM transformer and an active filter for the CM voltage cancellation.



Application of genetic algorithm in double tuned filters design

Ryszard Klempka
University of Mining and Metallurgy
Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
tel.: (4812) 617 28 09; fax: (4812) 633 22 84
klempka@tsunami.kaniup.agh.edu.pl

Zbigniew Hanzelka
University of Mining and Metallurgy
Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
tel.: (4812) 617 28 09; fax: (4812) 633 22 84
hanzel@uci.agh.edu.pl

Passive power harmonic LC filters still are a common way of reduction of the voltage distortion. One of the possible configurations is a double tuned filter used in large power systems and in specific industrial applications. Design of such a filter can be brought to solution of multi-criterial optimisation problem applying the genetic algorithm. The paper presents an original programme developed in the MATLAB environment, employing in its first part such algorithms, designed to higher orders filters design. Comparison of results obtained by means of other methods with the results obtained using the genetic algorithm indicates on substantial usability of the proposed method. The second element of the design procedure is modelling of the whole system: supply network - load - filter in order to verify values of voltages and currents in the system components in various states of operation and failure states. This ensures proper choice of the filter components ratings.



Visual Diagnostics Based on Image Wavelet Transform

Željko Hocenski, Snježana Rimac-Drlje, Tomislav Keser
Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Kneza Trpimira 2b
HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
Phone: ++385 31 208 900; Fax: ++385 31 208 905
e-mail: zeljko.hocenski@etfos.hr; rimac@etfos.hr; tomislav.keser@etfos.hr
http://www.etfos.hr

The image processing described in this paper is used for visual quality control in ceramic tile production. The tiles surface quality is described by the surface defects. The described image processing is based on the discrete wavelet transform method. The diagnostic algorithm is described. It is based on comparing of the wavelet coefficients of the original image without surface defects and the real images of ceramic tiles. The method is verified by using the artificial defects on the image and sensitivity testing on failure contrast and size is done. The algorithm is evaluated experimentaly using the real tile images. The analysis of the detection capabilities and sensitivity expressed in nondetected failures and false proclaimed defect is done also. Optimal connection between the segment size and DSL for each type of surface failure could be used to make efficient system for quality control and failure classification in automated production process.



Active Power Levelling with Capacitor Energy Storage

Mieczyslaw Nowak, Jarosław Matulka, Roman Barlik
Warsaw University of Technology , Institute of Control and Industrial Electronics
ul. Koszykowa 75 02-662 Warsaw, Poland
phone. (+48) –22 6607675, fax. (+48)~22 625 66 33
e-mail: mnowak@ee.pw.edu.pl

The paper concentrates on the use of DC capacitor energy storage for compensation of power pulses caused by a specific type of load (i.e. drives, welding etc. ). Two different solutions have been taken into consideration and presented in the paper. The first one – very simple and economic, depends on power pulse compensation affecting the DC voltage intermediate link in the converter plant. Control of such a DC/DC converter can be done very simply with the use of analogue technology. The second solution, more universal, because although the use of a three phase PWM line converter which can generate all power components is more complicated and expensive it may be economical as a development or supplement of a complex power conditioning system. Control in this case is also quite complex and needs the use of a powerful DSP. Both solutions are presented but the main considerations are designed for universal AC grid active power consumption levelling.



Power System Reinforcement Based On Reliability Evaluation

 

Nuran  YÖRÜKEREN1,  Semra  ÖZTÜRK2

The  University of  Kocaeli , Department of Electrical Engineering

41100 İZMİT /KOCAELİ

Tel :  +90 262 3351168 (1235-1225)

1e-mail : yorukeren@hotmail.com , 2e -mail : semra@kou.edu.tr


The basic function of a power system is to supply electrical energy for customers with electrical energy as economically as possible and with an acceptable degree of reliability and quality. Reliability evaluation involves the joint analysis of the generation, transmission and distribution  facilities and is an important aspect in the planning and operation of the power systems. When large power systems are studied it is very useful to develop a technique for reinforcement based on reliability evaluation for parts of the systems. In this study, a probabilistic function representing the loss of revenue due to service interruption is proposed. Also a technique based on sensitivity of this function to the FORs (Forced Outage Rates) of system components is presented to carry out the reinforcement.



Managing ultracapacitors energy to feed electric vehicles DC bus
 

A. Djerdir1, D. Bouquain2, H. Gualous1, A. Berthon1

1L2ES, IGE  2 AV. Jean Moulin 90000 Belfort

2CREEBEL 1, rue Morimont 90008 Belfort

djerdir@ige.univ-fcomte.fr


The aim of this paper is to insert the ultracapacitors into an electric vehicle. Ultracapacitors are intended to drive electric motors when overloaded. They also recover energy coming from motors during an electric braking. Finally, they are charged starting from the vehicle DC bus. A DC/DC converter able to carry out the above functions and based on the boost/buck topology has been proposed.



Investigation of the Mechanical Fault Detection Method for Inverter Fed Three Phase Induction Motors

Zhongming Ye, Member of IEEE and Bin Wu, Senior Member of IEEE
Department of Electrical Engineering, Ryerson Polytechnic University
350 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5B 2K3
Tel: 416-979-5000-6484, Fax: 416-9795280
zmye@ee.ryerson.ca, bwu@ee.ryerson.ca

Fault diagnostics of induction motor drive system can be achieved online through the Motor Current Signature Analysis Method. The advantages are obvious: the algorithm can be implemented in the control system scheme with the existing DSP controller and current transducers. Therefore no extra cost is required. However, owning to the fact that the monitored signal is rich in harmonics, with frequent dynamics, and the fundamental frequency of the drive changes within a wide range, the traditional method based on FFT analysis, does not meet the requirement.
A novel online fault diagnostic algorithm for electrical faults of induction motors fed by variable speed drive is studied. The innovative approach features wavelet analysis and artificial neural network method. A new set of feature coefficients of the mechanical faults is extracted from the stator current by wavelet packet decomposition. The features are represented with different frequency resolutions. And because of the wavelet function, such a feature extraction method can be used for current signal with transients. It is also found that as long as the samples of each cycle is kept constant, the node numbers of the feature coefficients for the rotor bar breakage will always be around some of the certain nodes at certain Depths, despite the change of the fundamental frequency. These features are advantageous for the fault detection for induction motor drive system where there are many transients, rich harmonics distortion, and variable fundamental frequency. Multiple-layer perceptron network is employed as a tool for the detection algorithm. The feature coefficients with multiple frequency resolutions and the slip speed are used as the inputs of the artificial neural network. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on a 5 HP induction motor drive system and is proved to be able to distinguish between healthy and faulty conditions with high accuracy.



Limitation of small DC motor drives due to the EMC EEC Standards

L. Ferraris
Dept. of Electrical Engineering - Politecnico di Torino
Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24
10129 Torino - Italy
Ph: +390115647160 – Fax: +390115647199
luca.ferraris@polito.it

The EEC Standards establish important limitations for any kind of electrical apparatus under the point of view of EMC problems. That implies heavy restrictions to the Power Electronics technical freedom. In this paper the important sector of small phase-controlled DC drives is studied. After an introduction to the problem a deep analysis is carried out, obtaining the maximum adoptable power for such devices depending on the voltage. The legal constraints result very heavy.



Energy Storage for Industrial Processes

Roger G. Lawrence, PE
Suite. 3100, 1017 Main Campus Dr.
NCSU, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
(919) 515-6682 / (919) 515-5123
rogerlawrence@rglsolutions.com

Kim L. Craven, PE
Duke Power
Charlotte, NC 28201, USA
(704) 382-3289 / (704) 382-9849
klcraven@duke-energy.com

The provision of energy storage enables industrial processes to ride through the potentially devastating effects of the temporary loss of electrical supply. This paper describes two energy storage devices: a low speed flywheel providing energy to an extruder and an ultra capacitor providing energy to a water pumping system.



Challenges and limitations of All Electric Ship designs

A.J.Blokland, E. van Dijk
Directorate Material Royal Netherlands Navy
Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
P.O. Box 20702
2500 ES The Hague, Netherlands
fax. : ++ 31 70 316 3131
e-mail : martech.bve@dmkm.navy.dnet.mindef.nl

Enhanced safety requirements and tight economical benefits influence the merchant ship design. Life cycle costs, survivability aspects and robust design play an important role in naval architecture for the Royal Netherlands Navy (RNlN). New developments in power electronics and drives make it possible to improve the reliability of the platform and reduce life cycle costs of new ship designs. The impact in the ship design is evaluated by replacing the conventional energy system by new All Electric Ship (AES) concepts. Following lessons learned during the design and commissioning of the integrated electrical system of the PLD HNlMS Rotterdam and new hydrographic vessels a comparative analysis of the stability, EMC and load management in electrical distribution configurations is given.
This paper presents a survey of the influence on reliability, life cycle costs and technical consequences applying power electronics in electrical energy naval ship system designs.



Induction Motor Load Effect Diagnostic Utilizing Instantaneous Power Spectrum

M’hamed. Drif (1) , N.Benouzza (1) , A.Bendiabdellah (1) and J.A.Dente(2)
(1) University of Science and Technology of Oran, Algeria
E-mail:drif@mail.univ-usto.dz Fax 213-41-425509
(2) Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal

Since a load's failure, like a dip of torque for example, has an effect on the machine supply current , then the current spectral analysis approach could be well suited for the study of load anomalies. But the current signature obtained depends on various phenomena and therefore a misunderstanding of the results is quite possible.
In this paper an attempt has been made to investigate the monitoring and the diagnostic of a load connected to an induction motor by the use of the instantaneous power spectrum approach.
The paper presents at first the effect of different load anomalies, in comparison with other machine anomalies such as broken bar faults. Simulation results are then presented for each kind of load anomalies.
The relative merits of the instantaneous power spectrum approach can be well appreciated when its results are compared with those obtained from the current spectrum approach.



DS3.10: Topic 13: Education
(R. Magdalena Stephan, COPPE/EE/UFRJ, Brazil,J. Kolar, ETH Zürich, Switzerland)

 


Development of Advanced Courses on Power Electronics

 

Ĺupčo V. Karadžinov1), Tomislav A. Džekov1) and David C. Hamill2)

1) Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Saints Cyril and Methodius University,

Karpoš II b.b., P.O. Box 574, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia, Tel.: + 389.2.399102,

Fax: + 389.2.364262, E-mail: L.Karadzinov@ukim.edu.mk

2) Surrey Space Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford,

Surrey GU2 5XH, United Kingdom, Tel. +44.1483.300800 ext. 2629,

Fax: +44.1483.876021, E-mail: D.Hamill@surrey.ac.uk


The paper presents development of undergraduate and postgraduate advanced courses on Power Electronics at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Saints Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Macedonia. A modern and well-equipped laboratory is also establishes. The courses are developed under Tempus Phare Program of the European Union and lectured by eight professors from five European Union universities.



Modelling and simulation of H-Multilevel Inverters

J. Rodrيguez, P. Correa, P. Lezana
Dept. of Electronics, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Marيa.
 Phone: 56-32-654203, Fax: 56-32-797469
Casilla 110-V, Valparaيso,Chile
E-mail:
jrp@elo.utfsm.cl

Abstract: This paper presents the simulation of a switching strategy for multilevel cascade inverters, based on the space vector theory, developed in Matlab-Simulink and Simplorer. The proposed switching strategy generates a voltage vector with very low harmonic distortion and reduced switching frequency.



Strategies for increasing enrolments in undergraduate power electronics and drives courses

Simon Round and Richard Duke
UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Christchurch, New Zealand
Telephone: +64-3-3642-867   Fax: +64-3-3642-761
s.round@elec.canterbury.ac.nz
http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz

Over the last decade student enrolments in electrical power engineering subjects at the University of Canterbury have been falling. This paper discusses changes designed to stimulate interest in power electronics and drives. One of the changes that have been introduced is the use of practical assignments to stimulate interest. In the Year 4 power electronics course the practical assignment is to design and build a DC-DC converter for use in a mini solar car race. In the Year 4 electrical machines and drives course there are two assignments, the first is designing and constructing a coil gun, and the other is commissioning an induction motor speed control system. A number of other strategies, such as the early introduction of power electronics and drives, team teaching, and industry relevant lectures have also helped increase the number of students enrolling in Year 4 power electronics and drives courses at the University of Canterbury.



Multimedia CAI Program of Power Electronics for College Students

Toshiyuki Kanmachi, Toshihiro Kanno *Itaru Ando, Keimei Kaino

Sendai National College of Technology *
1, Kitahara, Kamiayashi, Aoba-ku
Sendai, JAPAN 989-3124
Phone:+81-22-391-6126
Fax:+81-22-391-6144
E-mail: kanmachi@cc.sendai-ct.ac.jp
kaino@cc.sendai-ct.ac.jp
Kanno.Toshihiro@toei-electric.co.jp
http://www.sendai-ct.ac.jp

Akita National College of Technology
1-1, Bunkyou, Iijima,
Akita, JAPAN 011-8511
Phone:+81-18-847-6047
Fax:+81-18-857-3191
E-mail:i-ando@ipc.akita-nct.ac.jp
http://www.ipc.akita-nct.ac.jp

In this paper, a CAI (computer assisted instruction) program for technical college students to learn control theories of inverters and induction motors is described. This program consists of some lectures, which use multimedia slide shows and some experiments in which students will be interested. Using this multimedia program they can get good understandings of how to use inverters and induction motors in practice. The efficiency of this CAI program, which is confirmed by some questionnaire, will be shown.



Simple Cheap Converters for the Classroom

Martin Ossmann
Aachen University of Applied Sciences
Eupener Str. 70
52066 Aachen, Germany
Phone: +49-241-6009-2135
e-mail: ossmann@fh-aachen.de

We show a family of simple converters for use in the classroom. Showing the basic topolo-gies (buck,boost,buck-boost,flyback) the student can be introduced to the functionality and problems of power conversion. The circuits are cheap and inherently save. They can be used in a ¯rst introductory electronics course. By building the circuits and making measurements and simulations the students gain insight into many speci¯c topics of electronics engineering like: measurement, devices, topologies, magnetics, control.



DSP based Emulator for Wind Power Generation Systems

Narciso Moreno Alfonso, Juan Manuel Carrasco Solís, Eduardo Galván Díez, Manuel Perales Estévez, Leopoldo García Franquelo
Dep. of Electronic Engineer. Escuela Superior de Ingenieros.
Avda. Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n. 41092.
Sevilla, Spain
+34 95 4556980/+34 95 4282777
narciso@cica.es
http://www.eup.us.es/personal/narciso

A DSP based Wind Turbine Emulator System is presented. It consists on two-levels software and a workbench of two electrical machines. A high level software (called WindTE®) have been developed for a PC, in a MsWindows style. This software presents the wind to the system and carry out control algorithms for optimal control of maximum wind energy extraction and sets the work-point of the Wind Turbine. A low level software integrated in a DSP develops the vector control of AC generator current and sets the work point of the power electronics. A set of two coupled electrical machines emulates the complete Wind Generator system. An AC induction motor acts as a generator which is feed by a DC machine acting as the Wind Turbine and emulating the wind profile presented by the high level software WindTE. The generator is connected to the grid using IGBTs, so it is possible to emulate many types of Wind Power Generation System, scalled to the mechanical system used.



Multimedia Laboratory for Power Electronics

 

Željko Jakopović *, Zvonko Benčić ** and Viktor Šunde ***

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTING

Unska 3

Zagreb, Croatia

Tel./Fax. +(385 1) 6129-804 / 6129-705

zeljko.jakopovic@fer.hr *

zvonko.bencic@fer.hr **

viktor.sunde@fer.hr ***


The paper presents multimedia laboratory for power electronics dedicated for undergraduate and graduate power electronic courses. Concept of multimedia laboratory is based on simultaneous application of different teaching techniques to make courses more attractive and understandable. Video projection equipment is used for presentation of short video-clips or prepared simulation-clips, to introduce students into exercise. Exercise consists of simulation and real-circuit measurement component based on the same converter circuit. Each component of exercise is important for student’s ability to synthesize knowledge obtained at lectures and literature, and to reach some practical experience. Computers in the lab are networked and Internet access if fully utilized in the lab. Exercises for basic power electronic courses ere developed and described, but this concept is fully applicable for advanced power electronic courses.



Creation of Web-Based Learning Materials for an MSc in Power Electronics and Drives

J P Glew, A J Forsyth & O J Westmancott
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
The University of Birmingham
Edgbaston - Birmingham B15 2TT - UK
Tel: (0) 121 414 3495 Fax: (0) 121 414 4291
j.p.glew@bham.ac.uk

W F Wallace & C M Johnson
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering
The University of Newcastle
Newcastle NE1 7RU - UK
Tel: (0) 191 222 6000
P Naylor & J C Clare
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
The University of Nottingham
Nottingham NG7 2RD - UK
Tel: (0) 115 8466 353
 
The Universities of Birmingham, Nottingham and Newcastle are developing on line distance learning materials, for an MSc in Power Electronics and Drives, to support part time students based in industry. The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (ESPRC) funds the project. The paper details the development of the project from inception to production of first phase materials and outlines details of how the programme will be run by the three Universities. Results of the preliminary evaluation of course material are presented.



Discussion of Problem-Based Learning for Teaching Advanced Power Electronics Techniques in a Laboratory Setup

CHENG K.W.E.1, Mok V.Y.T.2, Xue X.D.1, Chan K.W.1

1Department of Electrical Engineering,

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong

Email: eeecheng@polyu.edu.hk

2Centre for Continuing and Community Education,

The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong


This paper discusses the application of problem-based learning to the Power Electronics course. The resonant technique is one of the difficult areas of study. A Problem-based learning method of an engineering subject is proposed and the results after the students have undertaken a range of PBL problem of the resonant techniques is investigated. Evaluation of this method of teaching was obtained from the students’ performance in the final examination. The result shows the students have obtained better understanding of the advanced topic.



Simplified analytical description of static converter in the time and frequency domain

Grzegorz Skarpetowski
Bombardier Transportation
Brown, Boveri Str. 5
CH 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
tel.+4213181213, fax. +4113182450
grzegorz.skarpetowski@ch.transport.bombardier.com
 
The paper explains in more detail the basics of the analytical converter description presented by the author in previous papers. [3,4,5]. In these publications, the information is presented in very condensed form, and it would appear that not all elements of the theory are presented clearly enough. Some of the letters received from different users of the theory, indicate that it is necessary to provide additional explanations. The majority of the questions raised concerned the property of tsd(t), the generalised function of time, introduced by the author for describing the switching states of waves and the converter.



Integrative Scheme/Tool for Automated Development of Switched Mode Power Supplies based on SIMPLORER

N. Froehleke, H. D. Njiende, D. Hahm
Institute of Power Electronics and Electrical Drives
University of Paderborn
Pohlweg 47-49
33098 Paderborn, Germany
froehleke@lea.upb.de
http://lea.upb.de

P. Wallmeier
Ascom Energy Systems
Coesterweg 45
59494 Soest, Germany
peter.wallmeier@ascom.de
http://www.ascom.com

A survey about a CAE-tool for the optimized development of SMPS is presented incl. its underlying methodology, supporting the selection of power and control topologies by an expert system, the magnetic component and thermal design by an enhanced modeling base for transformers and inductors, embedded into the multi domain simulator SIMPLORER. Additionally, off-line tools for analysis of the ever increasing multitude of new power electronic topologies and controllers based on MATHEMATICA supplement the tool to facilitate an efficient evaluation and comparison [1]. A design optimizer for magnetic components with solenoidal or planar windings is accessible through the SIMPLORER simulation sheet, which proved its capability on various applications by considerable power loss or volume reductions
.

[1] Funded by the European Community, Contract N° BRST-CT98-5310 (DG 12 - HIAS), Integrative CAE-tools for optimised development of welding power supplies with high power density“, For
information search for „CAE-WPS“ in "dbs.cordis.lu/EN_GLOBALsearch.html"



Implementation of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System as an Educational Tool for Teaching Electrical Machines Laboratory Exercises.

M.C. Dedes, E.C. Tatakis
University of Patras
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Electromechanical Energy Conversion Laboratory
26500, Rio-Patras, Greece
Tel: +3061 997353, +3061 997351, Fax: +3061 997362
Email: ntentes@ee.upatras.gr, E.C.Tatakis@ee.upatras.gr

This paper discusses our experience with introduction of computer-based teaching techniques in the Electrical Machines’ laboratory. The problems of laboratory work using traditional methods are reported. An alternative teaching method that introduces computer and information science as well as automated control systems to the educational procedure is going to be discussed. Moreover, the implementation of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System, as an educational tool for the automation of laboratory exercises performance, is presented.



An Improved Program for Snubber Design and Macromodel Generation in the Java Environment

Regidor, Juan Claudio; Guzmán, Víctor Manuel; Giménez, María Isabel.
Universidad Simón Bolívar
Departamento de Electrónica y Circuitos
Apartado 89000
Caracas 1080-A, VENEZUELA.
Telephone: 58-2-9063719
Fax: 58-2-9063712
E-mail: jregidor@usb.ve, vguzman@usb.ve, mgimenez@usb.ve
 
This interactive CAD package, suitable for any computer platform that supports the Java 2 language, integrates all the calculations needed for thyristor macromodel generation, and for snubber design applied to the RC standard snubber and to other three energy-recovering configurations, including a new one for design with power devices encapsulated in dual-device modules. It creates files ready to run on the SPICE simulator.



Computer-oriented course "Power electronics" for distant education

Zinoviev G.S, Gnatenko M.A
Novosibirsk State Technical University
K. Marx st. 20, Novosibirsk, 630092
Novosibirsk, Russia
(383-2) 461182
zgs@ref.nstu.ru
 
This training course is developed for preparing the specialists in the field of power electronics of different levels (four) [1].It is created on the base of computer programs package by method of ”43 in one” . It comprises four levels of educational components: the lecture material itself on the four levels mathematical modeling of different devices of power electronics (laboratory works), course designing, control of the acquired knowledge on the four levels too. Given course is used for teaching the specialists by method of distant education.



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